denotes is a relation between an entity and what it is a sign or indication of, or what specifically means.
denotes
the symbol '%' denotes a proportion in relation to a whole.
has part is a transitive, reflexive and antisymmetric relation between a whole and itself or a whole and its part.
has part
a collection of cars has as a car as a part;a car has an engine as a part; a car has a piston as a part;
has proper part is an antisymmetric, irreflexive (normally transitive) relation between a whole and a distinct part.
has proper part
a car has an engine as a proper part; a car has a piston as a proper part;
has boundary is a mereological relation between a whole and boundary located at its periphery.
has boundary
the surface of an apple is a 2D boundary of the apple.
A is location of B iff the spatialtemporal region occupied by A has the spatialtemporal region occupied by B as a part. [T][R]
is location of
A contains B iff the spatial region occupied by A has the spatial region occupied by B as a part, and B is not part of A. [T]
contains
interacts with
A is connected to B iff there exists a fiat, material or temporal path between A and B. [S][T]
is connected to
A is adjacent to B iff there is a small, but non-zero distance between A and B
is adjacent to
is supported by is a relation between a proposition and something that supports the truth of the assertion.
is supported by
has disputing evidence is a relation between a proposition and something that disputes (does not directly support) the truth of the assertion.
is disputed by
a represents b when a serves as a sign, symbol or model of b.
represents
has direct part is a relation to specify a part at a particular level of granularity
has direct part
a car has an engine as a direct part
cites is a relation to refer to by way of example, authority or proof.
cites
A 'surrounds' B iff the A 'contains' B and A 'is adjacent to' B or A 'is directly connected to' B.
surrounds
is about is a relation between an information content entity and the entity that its primary subject.
is about
A relation between an information content entity and a product that it (directly/indirectly) specifies
specifies
has component part is a relation between a whole and a component part where the component is instrinsic to the whole, and loss of the part would change the kind that it is.
has component part
a human has blood as a component part
describes is a relation between one entity and another entity that it provides a description (detailed account of).
describes
refers to is a relation between one entity and the entity that it makes reference to.
refers to
references is a relation between one entity and the entity that it makes reference to by name, but is not described by it.
references
is model of is a relation between a model (an artifact) and the entity it purports to represent.
is model of
the architect builds a model that represents the building she envisions.
in relation to is a comparative relation to indicate that the instance of the class holding the relation exists in relation to another entity.
in relation to
has time boundary
has start time
has end time
has evidence is a relation between a proposition and something that demonstrates the truth of the assertion.
has evidence
has evidence is a relation between a proposition and something that refutes (is incompatible with) the truth of the assertion.
is refuted by
has first part is a proper part relation in which the part is the first of a set of linearly ordered parts resulting from the projection of the whole on a linear coordinate system.
has first part
has last part is a proper part relation in which the part is the last of a set of linearly ordered parts resulting from the projection of the whole on a linear coordinate system.
has last part
has ordered part of is a proper part relation in which the part is one of a set of linearly ordered parts resulting from the projection of the whole on a linear coordinate system.
has ordered part
has data item is a relation between a dataset and any described / referrenced entity.
has data item
'is data item in' is a relation between an entity that is described or referenced in a dataset.
is data item in
A relation between two objects, in which the first object contains information that is used to produce the second object.
encodes
an open reading frame encodes a protein (it contains information that specifies the amino acid composition and topology)
a relation between two information content entities in which one is transcribed into (an exact or similar kind) another through some process.
is transcribed into
DNA is transcribed into RNA
is translated into
RNA is translated into Protein
a relation between two information content entities in which one is translated into (a completely different kind of entity) another through some process.
A relation between a informational entity and its actual value (numeric, date, text, etc).
sadi
has value
A plan is a set of intended actions, through which one expects to achieve a goal.
plan
A generic name is the preferred name provided by manufacturer.
generic name
A language entity implements some language specification for the visual interpretation and is part of some document.
language entity
A visual language entity is a language entity that is manifested within the spectrum of light and can be pereceived and processed by a visual system.
visual language entity
A question is a linguistic expression used to make a request for information.
question
A publication is a document that has been made available by a publisher.
publication
A record is a document containing a collection of statements about some entity.
record
A specification is a description of the essential technical attributes/requirements for an object or procedure, and may be used to determine that the object / procedure meets its requirements/attributes.
specification
An action specification is a specification composed of a sequence of instructions to achieve some objective.
action specification
Language is a language entity which is the result of encoding and decoding information through systematic creation and usage of systems of symbols, each pairing a specific sign with an intended meaning, established through social conventions
language
A book is a publication composed of a large number of entries.
book
A chapter is a document section of a book or thesis.
chapter
A character is a language symbol used to construct words.
character
A novel is a fictitious prose narrative of book length, typically representing character and action with some degree of realism.
novel
A paragraph is a self-contained unit of written discourse consisting of one or more sentences.
paragraph
A document section is a component of a document.
document section
A sentence is a grammatical unit consisting of one or more words that bear minimal syntactic relation to the words that precede or follow it.
sentence
A word is the smallest free form (an item that may be expressed in isolation with semantic or pragmatic content) in a language.
word
An identifier is a label that specifically refers to (identifies) an entity (instance/type).
identifier
A name is a label used to identify an entity.
name
A preferred name is the name that is generally used by some organization.
preferred name
A common name is a name that is commonly used.
common name
A brand name is a trademarked and marketed name of a product.
brand name
A scientific name is a name given through scientific nomenclature.
scientific name
A synonym is a word with the same or very similar meanings.
synonym
An antonym is a word with opposite or nearly opposite meaning.
antonym
A hypernym is a term with a broader meaning.
hypernym
A hyponym is a term with a narrower meaning.
hyponym
A homonym is a word that sounds the same but has different meaning.
homonym
An ontology document is a document that contains an ontology.
ontology document
A descriptor (index term, subject term, subject heading) is a term that captures the essence of the topic of a document.
descriptor
A definition is a description that succintly characterizes an entity.
definition
A description is language entity in which elements of a language (formal or natural) are used to characterize an entity.
description
A category is a class of entities having particular shared characteristics.
category
A criterion is a specification to describe properties used for evaluation.
criterion
An inclusion criterion is a criterion that must be present to satisfy some objective.
inclusion criterion
An exclusion criterion is a criterion that must be absent to satistify the objective.
exclusion criterion
A keyword is a descriptor in which the association of the word with the entity facilitates information retrieval.
keyword
A document is a bounded physical or digital representation of a body of information designed with the capacity (and usually intent) to communicate.
document
A manuscript is a document prior to publication.
manuscript
A note is a brief document.
note
A patent is an information entity granted by a patent issuing authority which confers upon the patenter the sole right to make, use and sell an invention for a set period of time.
patent
An article is a publication that is stand-alone section of a larger work.
article
A blog is a publication accessible at some website and is typically about various experiences.
blog
A book volume is a book that is part of a collection.
book volume
A conference proceedings is a book composed of papers presented at a conference.
conference proceedings
An edited publication is a publication that has been examined and potentially changed by an editor.
edited publication
A manual is a document that instructs on the usage of a device.
manual
A technical report is a publication published by a school or other institution, usually numbered within a series.
technical report
A thesis document is the written research component of a post-secondary institution that contains a statement supported by arguments.
thesis document
An honor's thesis is a thesis prepared as a requirement for an honor's undergraduate degree.
honor's thesis
A Master's thesis is a thesis prepared as a requirement for a Master's degree.
master's thesis
A PhD thesis is a thesis prepared as a requirement for a doctoral degree.
phd thesis
A booklet is a document that lacks a named publisher or sponsoring institution.
booklet
A diary is a document which describes day-to-day experiences.
diary
A bibliographic attribute is an attribute related to publications.
document component
An address is a position that indicates the physical location of some entity using a social convention.
address
A citation is a textual entity which denotes a source described in the bibliography or reference section of a document.
citation
A document title is a textual entity that summarizes the topic of the document in one sentence.
document title
A reference is a textual entity that describes a single source used in the preparation or development of the work.
reference
a label is a term that is associated with some entity
label
A language label is a label that denotes the language of a textual entity.
language label
A first name is a name that denotes a specific individual between members of a group of individuals, whose members usually share the same surname.
first name
A last name (surname) is a name added to a given name and is part of a personal name and is often the family name.
last name
A personal name is a name to identify an individual person and usually comprises of a first name and a last name.
personal name
A legal name is a name given at birth, or which appears on their birth certificate, marriage certificate, or change of name certificate.
legal name
A title is a textual entity that summarily describes some entity.
title
A document version is a version of a work in some sequence of derivative works.
document version
An abstract section is a document section that provides brief summary of a document that explains the main argument(s), topic(s) or findings.
abstract section
An acknowledgements section is a document section that identifies individuals, groups or organizations for their support in the development of the work.
acknowledgements section
An author contribution section is a document section that describes the contribution of the authors.
author contribution section
An author section is a document section that lists the contributing authors.
author section
A bibliography section is a document section that is composed of a list of references used in the development of the work.
bibliography section
A copyright section is a document section that contains a notice of copyright.
copyright section
A correspondence section is a document section that contains the details for contacting the corresponding author.
correspondence section
The discussion section is a document section containing a summary of the findings, a reflection on the significance of findings, comparison with related work, among others.
discussion section
An introduction section is a document section that generally provides background, motivation and goals of the work.
introduction section
The materials and methods section is a document section containing a description of the materials and methods used in the study.
materials and methods section
The materials section is a document section containing a description of the materials used in the study.
materials section
The methods section is a document section containing a description of the methods used in the study.
methods section
The results section is a document section describing the main findings of the study.
results section
The table of contents is a document section that lists all sections (and optionally subsections) in a sequential order along with their page number.
table of contents
A namespace label is a short name for a namespace.
namespace label
A proposition is a sentence expressing something true or false.
proposition
An argument is a set of one or more declarative sentences (or propositions) known as the premises along with another declarative sentence (or proposition) known as the conclusion.
argument
A premise is a proposition of an argument from which the conclusion is drawn.
premise
A conclusion is a proposition which is reached after considering the evidence, arguments or premises.
conclusion
A deductive argument is an argument that asserts that the truth of the conclusion is a logical consequence of the premises.
deductive argument
An inductive argument is an argument that asserts that the truth of the conclusion is supported by the premises.
inductive argument
A sound argument is a valid argument with true premises.
sound argument
A valid argument is an argument where the truth of the conclusion is a logical consequence of the premises and (consequently) its corresponding conditional is a necessary truth.
valid argument
An invalid argument is an argument where the truth of the conclusion is false because it is not a logical consequence of the premises.
invalid argument
A term is a word or phrase used to denote one or more entities.
term
A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon.
hypothesis
An excerpt is a contiguous or discontiguous portion of a document.
excerpt
A quote is a excerpt that is attributed to a particular source.
quote
A web page is a document that is published according to World Wide Web standards.
web page
Email message is a digital document that is composed of a header and a body and is transmitted using the SMTP protocol.
email
A letter is a document that contains a personal communication from one part to another.
letter
A functional specification is a specification that describes the characteristics of an object.
functional specification
A design specification is a specification that provides precise and explicit information about the requirements for a product design.
design specification
A specification for spatial location is an effective specification towards representation spatial position or spatial data.
spatial specification
A coordinate system is a specification for spatial location that uses a set of numbers, or coordinates, to uniquely determine the position of a point or other geometric element.
coordinate system
A Cartesian coordinate system specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances from the point to two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length.
cartesian coordinate system
A concept is term that refers to a generalization of a set of attributes or entities.
concept
A polar coordinate system is a two-dimensional coordinate system in which each point on a plane is determined by a distance from a fixed point and an angle from a fixed direction.
polar coordinate system
A positional description is a description of location using some system or frame of reference.
positional identifier
A cylindrical coordinate system is a three-dimensional coordinate system that specifies point positions by the distance from a chosen reference axis, the direction from the axis relative to a chosen reference direction, and the distance from a chosen reference plane perpendicular to the axis.
cylindrical coordinate system
A spherical coordinate system is a coordinate system for three-dimensional space where the position of a point is specified by three numbers: the radial distance of that point from a fixed origin, its polar angle measured from a fixed zenith direction, and the azimuth angle of its orthogonal projection on a reference plane that passes through the origin and is orthogonal to the zenith, measured from a fixed reference direction on that plane.
spherical coordinate system
An OWL ontology is an ontology as specified by the W3C OWL specification.
OWL ontology
An objective is a proposition that indicates a planned or anticipated outcome.
objective
A term variant is a term that is a variant of another term.
term variant
purpose is the reason for which something is done or created or for which something exists.
purpose
A belief is a proposition that is believed to be true.
belief
A graph title is a title that describes a graph.
graph title
Total value of permits increased slightly in December" in Graph 1 of http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm
A primary title is a title that should be first used in describing some entity.
primary title
A secondary title is a title of lesser importance that should be used after the first title in describing some entity.
secondary title
A primary graph title is a primary title that describes a statistical graph.
primary graph title
"Total value of permits increased slightly in December" in Graph 1 of http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm
A secondary graph title is a secondary title that describes a statistical graph.
secondary graph title
A phrase is a group of words functioning as a single unit in the syntax of a sentence.
phrase
A clause consists of a subject and a predicate.
clause
An idea is a proposition about some object of conceptual thought.
idea
structure is the specification that refers to the composition and arrangement of parts of an object.
structure
A standard is a socially-agreed upon specification.
standard
A formal specification is a mathematical description of software or hardware that may be used to develop an implementation.
formal specification
An RDFS ontology is an ontology that conforms to the syntax and semantics of the Resource Description Framework Schema (RDFS).
RDFS ontology
An OBO ontology is an ontology document as specified by the Open Biological Ontology community.
OBO ontology
chemical structure is the structure of a chemical entity in terms of its molecular geometry and electronic structure.
chemical structure
molecular structure is the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule and the chemical bonds that hold the atoms together.
molecular structure
A textual entity is language entity that is manifested as a sequence of one or more distinct characters.
textual entity
A version label is a label for a particular form or variation of an earlier or original type.
version label
A software version label is a version label for a piece of software.
software version label
major.minor[.build[.revision]]
A unique identifier is an identifier that uniquely identifies some thing.
unique identifier
A justification is a proposition that defends, explains or excuses some argument.
justification
A specification of an object, manifested by an agent, intended to accomplish goals, in a particular environment, using a set of primitive components, satisfying a set of requirements, subject to constraints.
design
A chemical identifier is an identifier for a chemical entity
chemical identifier
A record identifier is an identifier for a database entry.
record identifier
A physical entity identifier is an identifier for a physical entity.
physical entity identifier
An informational entity identifier is an identifier for an informational entity.
informational entity identifier
A molecular identifier is an identifier for a molecular entity.
molecular identifier
A street name is the token given to identify a particular street.
street name
An apartment number is the number assigned to identify an apartment in a building of apartments.
apartment number
A versioned record is a record for which there exists another variant based that was derived via modification of the facts.
versioned record
An answer is a reply to a question.
answer
A verbal language entity is a language entity that is manifested through sound.
verbal language entity
Uniform Resource Locator
A Uniform Resource Locator or Universal Resource Locator (URL) is a specific character string that constitutes a reference to an Internet resource.
URL
A measurement scale is a functional specification that specifies an allowed range of categories or values.
measurement scale
A nominal scale of measurement only specifies a limited set of categories.
nomimal scale
A binary scale is a measurement scale that specifies a choice between two values.
binary scale
A numeric scale of measurement is one that only specifies numeric values.
numeric scale
A decimal scale of measurement is one that only specifies decimal values.
decimal scale
An integer scale of measurement is one that only specifies integer values.
integer scale
A numeric label is a number used as a label.
numeric label
A standard operating procedure is a specification approved for use in specific environments.
standard operating procedure
A syllable is a verbal entity of language having one vowel sound, with or without surrounding consonants, forming the whole or a part of a word.
syllable
A consonant is a verbal entity of language that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the vocal tract.
consonant
A vowel is a verbal entity of language that is pronounced with an open vocal tract so that there is no build-up of air pressure at any point above the glottis.
vowel
A sign language (also signed language) is a language that involves manual communication and body language to convey meaning. This can involve simultaneously combining hand shapes, orientation and movement of the hands, arms or body, and facial expressions to fluidly express a speaker's thoughts.
sign language
A verbal language is a language that uses sounds to communicate.
verbal language
written language is a language that is communicated through a writing system.
written language
A diagnostic opinion is an opinion resulting from a medical diagnostic procedure.
diagnostic opinion
An opinion is a belief that is the result of emotion or interpretation of facts.
opinion
A syndrome is composed of a set of several clinically recognizable features, signs (observed by someone other than the patient), symptoms (reported by the patient), phenomena or characteristics that often occur together.
syndrome
A prognosis is a proposition about the likely course of a disease, the chance of recovery or recurrence.
prognosis
A report is a textual document made that present focused, salient content to a specific audience.
report
A medical health record is a record of a single patient's medical history.
medical health record
A medical report is a report prepared by a health care practioner about test outcomes or health status of an individual.
medical report
A peer reviewed article is an article that has undergone peer-review and deemed acceptable for publication.
peer reviewed article
A major version number is a version of a software that exhibits a significant change in functionalilty from a prior version.
major version number
A minor version number is a version of a software that exhibits minor features or significant fix from a prior version.
minor version number
A revision number is a version of a software in which bugs have been fixed from a prior version.
revision number
A morpheme is the smallest semantically meaningful unit in a language.
morpheme
A study design is a protocol for the proper execution of a study which normally requires a carefullly crafted research question or hypothesis and at least one variable under observation and observed values for that variable.
study design
A recipe is a set of instructions that describe how to prepare or make something.
recipe
An experimental protocol is an action specification with respect to the design and implementation of experiments. In addition to providing a detailed set of procedures and lists of required equipment and instruments, experimental protocols often include information on safety precautions, the calculation of results and reporting standards, including statistical analysis and rules for predefining and documenting excluded data to avoid bias.
experimental protocol
A reason is a justification that specifies the motive for an action or a determination.
reason
speculation is an opinion based on incomplete evidence.
speculation
A text span is a subset of contiguous sequence of characters of a textual entity.
text span
A microarray probe set identifier is an identifier for a set of probe pairs selected to represent expressed sequences on an array.
microarray probe set identifier
A genotype is a functional specification of a biological entity in terms of its genetic composition (or lack thereof).
genotype
A vocabulary is a collection of terms.
vocabulary
electronic structure is the electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule (or other physical structure) in atomic or molecular orbitals.
electronic structure
the electron configuration of the neon atom is 1s2 2s2 2p6.
A crystal structure is the arrangement of atoms or molecules in a crystalline liquid or solid.
crystal structure
A pathway is an effective specification that outlines a set of actions that forms a way to achieve an objective.
pathway
An annotation is a written explanatory or critical description, or other in-context information (e.g., pattern, motif, link), that has been associated with data or other types of information.
annotation
A comment is a verbal or written remark often related to an added piece of information, or an observation or statement.
comment
An issue is a single instance of a periodically published journal, magazine, or newspaper.
issue
A statement is a proposition that is either (a) a meaningful declarative sentence that is either true or false, or (b) that which a true or false declarative sentence asserts.
statement
A software process identifier is an identifier for a software process in some operating system.
software process identifier
history is a sequence of past events.
history
a pharmacokinetic pathway is a metabolic pathway which describes the metabolism of a drug molecule.
pharmacokinetic pathway
a pharmacodynamic pathay is a regulatory pathway in which a drug molecule regulates the activity of one or more components organized in a pathway.
pharmacodynamic pathway
a middle name is a name assigned to an individual that is not the first or last name.
middle name
a middle initial is an abbreviated middle name.
middle initial
a telephone number is an identifier used to connect to a physical device capable of transfering voice or data over a network.
telephone number
a cellular phone number is a number to connect to a mobile device
cellular phone number
a fax number is a number to connect to fax device
fax number
an IP number is an number to connect to a device on the internet.
IP number
an email address is an identifier to send mail to particular electronic mailbox.
email address
a work phone number is the number to connect to an phone at a place of work.
work phone number
a home phone number is the number to connect to an phone at a place of residence.
home phone number
A diagnosis is the result of a medical investigation to identify a disorder from its signs and symptoms.
diagnosis
A statute is a formal written enactment of a legislative authority that governs a state, city or country.
statute
A legal document proposing or enacting a law or a group of laws.
legislation
A legal document is a formally executed written document that can be formally attributed to its author, records and formally expresses a legally enforceable act, process, or contractual duty, obligation, or right, and therefore evidences that act, process, or agreement.
legal document
A brief is a written legal document used in various legal adversarial systems that is presented to a court arguing why one party to a particular case should prevail.
brief
book section
A bill is proposed legislation under consideration by a legislature.
bill
a gene symbol is a short name assigned to a gene.
gene symbol
a statement of consequence is a statement concerning the result or effect of an action or condition.
statement of consequence
a notation is a series or system of written symbols used to represent numbers, amounts, or elements.
notation
a notation to describe a chemical entity
chemical notation
InCHI notation
sequence variation notation
The HGVS (human genome variation society) notation is a notation to specify a sequence variation in dna, rna, proteins, and other biomolecules.
hgvs notation
an ontology is a formal specification of entities, their attributes and relationships.
ontology
evidence is the body of facts or information indicating whether a belief or proposition is true or valid.
evidence
A terminology is a set of terms used for a specified application.
terminology
A PDB chain identifier is a alphabetical label to identify a molecule in a structure provided by the Protein DataBank .
PDB chain identifier
A PDB record identifier is an identifier for a PDB generated record.
PDB record identifier
evolutionary lineage is a sequence of species, that form a line of descent, each new species the direct result of speciation from an immediate ancestral species.
evolutionary lineage
family history is the systematic narrative and research of past events relating to a specific family, or specific families.
family history
A biochemical pathway specifies a series of biochemical modifications and transformations towards achieving some biological outcome.
biochemical pathway
A chemical reaction pathway specifies a series of chemical reactions towards producing some chemical product.
chemical reaction pathway
A chemical synthesis pathway is a pathway involved in the assembly of a chemical.
chemical synthesis pathway
A chemical degradation pathway is a pathway involved in the disassembly of a chemical.
chemical degradation pathway
A metabolic pathway is a series of biochemical reactions that begins with one or more substrates and ends with one or more products.
metabolic pathway
A regulatory pathway is a series of biochemical reactions that lead to the increase or decrease of activity of participating molecular components.
regulatory pathway
A medical history is a record of the events of a recipient of medical care.
medical history