Hostility is the intense negative emotion of being in conflict or opposition to someone or something.
hostility
line
A line is curve that extends in a single dimension (e.g. straight line; exhibits no curvature), and is composed of at least two fully connected points.
3d structure model
A 3D structure model is a representation of the spatial arrangement of one or more chemical entities.
A is match to B iff A and B are terms with similar (related, broad, close, exact) meanings
is match to
A chemical role is a processual role held by a chemical entity.
chemical entity role
A tick mark is a line segment that is spatially positioned perpendicular to the axis of a statistical graph and indicates the position of a specific numeric value (which may be indicated by an adjacent value label) on a value axis, or is one of a pair of tick marks that delineates the boundary of a categorical value (which may be indicated by an adjacent category label) on the categorical axis.
tick mark
excitement is a positive emotion of feeling great enthusiasm and eagerness.
excitement
left-handed helical
left-handed helical quality is the quality in which a clockwise screwing motion moves the helix towards the observed along the line of sight along the helix's axis.
is alternate of relates two specialized instances.
is alternate of
two weather forecasts for the city of London produced at different times or by different organizations (etc) are alternates of each other, and instances of / specializations of forecasts for the city of London.
protein coding gene
A gene that contains an open reading frame which codes for a protein.
dread
dread is the instense negative emotion that induces fear and apprehension.
volume number is a count of a sequence of periodicals.
volume number
A parameter is variable whose value changes the characteristics of a system or a function.
parameter
intersex
intersex is a biological sex characterised by birth with genitalia and/or secondary sexual characteristics of indeterminate sex, or which combine features of both sexes.
has member
a collection of cars has as a car as a member
has member is a mereological relation between a collection and an item.
to be compared is the capability of an object to be examined in order to note the similarities or differences among a set of objects.
to be compared
The telephone is a communications device that transmits and receives sounds, and are minimally composed of a microphone to speak into, a speaker'which reproduces the voice of the other person and a ringer which makes a sound to alert the owner when a call is coming in.
telephone
A Cartesian coordinate axis is an axis whose behavior follows that of a Cartesian coordinate system.
Cartesian coordinate axis
text span
A text span is a subset of contiguous sequence of characters of a textual entity.
affection is an emotion characterized with a feeling or type of love for another living thing.
affection
ecstasy
ecstacy is an emotion characterized by a heightened state of consciousness with total involvement of a subject.
probability value
A p-value or probability value is the probability of obtaining a test statistic at least as extreme as the one that was actually observed, assuming that the null hypothesis is true
p-value
A numeric scale of measurement is one that only specifies numeric values.
numeric scale
to interact with is a capabililty that involves another object.
to interact with
A small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) gene is a gene that encodes a small RNA that are associated with the eukaryotic nucleus as components of small nucleolar ribonucleoproteins.
small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) gene
primary title
A primary title is a title that should be first used in describing some entity.
the surface of an apple is a 2D boundary of the apple.
has boundary
has boundary is a mereological relation between a whole and boundary located at its periphery.
is version of
is version of is a relation that holds between any two versions in which one is a subsequent or alternate version of (through a branch).
A standard operating procedure is a specification approved for use in specific environments.
standard operating procedure
evolving is a process that elicits change across successive generations in the inherited characteristics of biological populations.
evolving
slope
A slope or gradient of a line describes its steepness, incline, or grade. A higher slope value indicates a steeper incline. Slope is normally described by the ratio of the "rise" divided by the "run" between two points on a line.
dead is the quality of an object in which there is a cessation of all biological functions.
dead
drug
A drug is a chemical substance that contains one or more active ingredients that regulate one or more biological processes.
polonium atom
circumference
circumference is the length of the outline of a circle or ellipse. it is defined as c = 2*pi*r, where r is the radius.
A relation between an information content entity and a product that it (directly/indirectly) specifies
specifies
A small nuclear RNA (snRNA) gene is a gene that encodes a small niuclear RNA molecule.
small nuclear RNA (snRNA) gene
to associate is the capability to physically interact with another object.
to associate
pathogen
A pathogen or infectious agent is a microorganism that causes disease in its host.
is refuting evidence for
is greater than to is a comparison relation between two quantities in which the first has a value smaller or equal to the second.
is lesser than or equal to
A postal code is a geographic coordinate composed of a series of letters and/or digits appended to a postal address for the purpose of sorting mail.
postal code
hate
Hate is a deep and emotional extreme dislike, directed against a certain object or class of objects.
magnesium atom
ununhexium atom
chemical reaction
A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another.
non-polar
non-polar is the quality of not having a dipole.
regulation of biochemical process is a process that changes the frequency, rate or extent of a target biochemical process.
regulation of biochemical process
Every thing is an entity.
entity
note
A note is a brief document.
A chemical substance role is a chemical entity role held by a chemical substance.
chemical substance role
An acid-base reaction is a chemical reaction between an acid and a base.
acid-base reaction
pharmaceutical ingredient
A pharmaceutical ingredient is a part of a pharmaceutical preparation.
samarium atom
has end time
is refuted by
has evidence is a relation between a proposition and something that refutes (is incompatible with) the truth of the assertion.
speculation
speculation is an opinion based on incomplete evidence.
hysteria
Hysteria is an unmanageable emotion.
A polar coordinate is a position characterized by a distance from a fixed point and an angle from a fixed direction.
polar coordinate
peer-reviewed
peer-reviewed is the quality of a textual entity that has been examined and commented by a peer expert reviewer.
dissatisfied qualifier
cerium atom
catabolism
Anabolism is the set of metabolic processes that take apart larger chemical entities units into smaller chemical entities.
curved is the quality of a line that deviates from straightness in a smooth, continuous fashion.
curved
is base for is a relation between a quality and the realizable entity that it is the basis for.
is base for
the solubility of salt (the disposition) is based on the molecular structure of NaCl (the quality) that allows the polarized water-molecules (the trigger) to break the ion bonds (the realization).
splice site
A splice site is a region required for the excision of an intron and connection to another exon.
a peptide is an organic polymer composed of between two and fifty amino acids.
peptide
country
A country is a region legally identified as a distinct entity in political geography.
regulation of transcription
A process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription.
primary category axis
The category axis that corresponds to years in Graph 1 of http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm
A primary category axis is a category axis that either defines the sole value range or holds the larger set of categorical values specified by the secondary category axis.
copy number variation
CNV
copy number variation refers to the number of deletions/duplications of a DNA region as compared to some reference state.
hot is the opposite of cold; left is opposite of right
is opposite to
is opposite to is a relation between two entities in which one is diametrically opposed to the other.
medical report
A medical report is a report prepared by a health care practioner about test outcomes or health status of an individual.
character
A character is a language symbol used to construct words.
pride is an emotion of satisfaction of attachment toward one's own or another's choices and actions, or toward a whole group of people, and is a product of praise, independent self-reflection, or a fulfilled feeling of belonging.
pride
medical screening
A medical screening is a medical test or series used to detect or predict the presence of disease in individuals at risk for disease within a defined group, such as a population, family, or workforce
is paralogous to
is paralogous to is a relation between two entities which indicates their common ancestry as a result of a gene duplication.
biochemical reaction
A biochemical reaction is a biochemical process that involves the conversion of at least one chemical participant (target) into another (product) by an enzyme (agent).
has data item
has data item is a relation between a dataset and any described / referrenced entity.
depth is the dimensional extent into a plane of a 3D projection of the object.
depth
negative emotion
negative emotion is an emotion that does not feel good.
bromine atom
to increase the activation energy is to require a larger amount of energy in order to form or break a chemical bond.
to increase the activation energy
to separate
to separate is the capability to i) distinguish some entities based on some attribute(s) and ii) subsequently physically displace them.
A measurement of a spatial location relative to a frame of reference or other objects.
position
A molecular tracer role is a reactant role of a molecular entity that serves as a marker for the presence, abundance, or location of a molecular target that it associates with.
molecular tracer role
A non-protein coding RNA (ncRNA) gene is a gene that encodes for a RNA transcript that is not further translated into a protein product.
non-protein coding RNA (ncRNA) gene
ncRNA gene
is greater than
is greater than to is a comparison relation between two quantities in which the first has a value larger than the second.
biological fluid
A biological fluid is a fluid of biological origin.
has source is a relation between an entity and another entity from which it stems from.
has source
to filter
to filter is the capability to retain certain entities based on selected attribute(s) while allowing other entities to pass through.
scandium atom
increased
A quality that has a value that is increased compared to normal or average.
a weather forecast for the city of London produced at a specific time is a specialization of a weather forecast for the city of London.
is specialization of is a relation between a more specific instance (in terms of spatial/temporal localization & other attributres) than the other.
is specialization of
ununoctium atom
to cool is the capability to decrease the internal kinetic energy of a material.
to cool
mean
A mean is the central tendency of a collection of numbers taken as the sum of the numbers divided by the size of the collection.
creating
creating is the process in which an entity comes into existence.
A process quality is quality that is associated with a process.
process quality
dimensionless quantity
A dimensionless quantity is a quantity that has no associated unit.
A start codon is the first codon of a messenger RNA (mRNA) transcript translated by a ribosome. The start codon is almost always preceded by an untranslated region 5' UTR.
start codon
is role of
is role of is a relation between a role and the entity that it is a property of.
thickness
thickness is the shortest dimensional extent of a 3D projection of an object.
An ovopub is an information content entity that contains and links to one or more resources and/or statements, including those describing its provenance, and is itself a dereferenceable resource.
ovopub
is transformed from
A transitive temporal relation in which an entity mainstains identity from one state to another.
unique identifier
A unique identifier is an identifier that uniquely identifies some thing.
realizes
realizes is a relation between a process and a realizable entity (role, function, disposition).
dag
directed acyclic graph
a directed acyclic graph or DAG is a network digram that contains directed edges in which nodes may have multiple parents, but there are no cycles.
is inequal to
is inequal to is a comparison relation between two quantities whose value are not the same.
written is the quality of information that is embodied as visual glyphs in some material form.
written
is component part of
is component part of is a relation between a component and a whole, where the component is instrinsic to the whole, and loss of the part would change the kind that the whole is.
learning
learning is the agentive process of acquiring knowledge.
decreased chemical destruction is a process in which there is a decrease in the amount of chemical destroyed relative to some reference process
decreased chemical destruction
An operon is a collection of contiguous genes transcribed as a single (polycistronic) mRNA.
operon
antibody
An antibody (also known as immunoglobulins, abbreviated Ig) are gamma globulin proteins that are used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects. They are typically made of two large heavy chains and two small light chains.
results in
web service invocation
A web service invocation involves the execution of a web service.
A co-factor role in which the chemical entity is modified during catalysis and must be regenerated.
co-enzyme role
is equal to is a comparison relation between two quantities whose value are exactly the same.
is equal to
double stranded RNA
double stranded nucleic acid is a molecular complex composed of two weakly connected ribonucleic acids.
cellular quality
cellular quality is the quality of a cell
A role of a chemical substance that participates in a chemical reaction as part of some scientific investigation.
reagent role
document component
A bibliographic attribute is an attribute related to publications.
publication
A publication is a document that has been made available by a publisher.
informational quality
An informational quality is a quality that pertains to information.
A lipid residue is a part of an organic molecule that was derived from a lipid molecule.
lipid residue
transcription is the process of creating a complementary RNA copy of a sequence of DNA.
transcription
barium atom
right open interval
a right open interval is an interval in which there is no element that is greater than all other elements.
euphoria is an emotion characterized by intense feelings of well-being, elation, happiness, ecstasy, excitement, and joy.
euphoria
nobelium atom
record
A record is a document containing a collection of statements about some entity.
functional specification
A functional specification is a specification that describes the characteristics of an object.
to investigate
to investigate is the capability to uncover facts.
bubble chart
A bubble chart contains circles whose area corresponds to a value.
An edition number is count of a literary work edited and published, as by a certain editor or in a certain manner including being printed during some interval of time.
edition number
telephone number
a telephone number is an identifier used to connect to a physical device capable of transfering voice or data over a network.
true is a truth value that indicates that it holds under all possible worlds.
true
A molecular pocket is a site on a molecule that appears as a depression into the structure.
molecular pocket
The results section is a document section describing the main findings of the study.
results section
a left open interval is an interval in which there is no element that is smaller than all other elements.
left open interval
An increasing line is a line segment in which the startpoint and endpoint are ordered along one dimension and the difference of values in a second dimension is positive.
increasing line
bent is the quality of a line being sharply curved or having an angle.
bent
doctor
A doctor is an individual who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments.
is member of
is member of is a mereological relation between a item and a collection.
A television program is a audiovisual media that is produced and broadcast using a television.
television program
t-statistic based decreased differential gene expression
A t-statistic based decreased differential gene expression is a differential gene expression ratio in which the t-statistic is less than zero.
dysfunction is a capability to act in a manner that is abnormal or opposite to the object's typical function.
dysfunction
most refers to in the majority of occasions
most of the time
has capability
SIO has the capability to semantically integrate data.
has capability is a relation between an entity and the capability that it bears.
is broader than (t)
A is broader than B (t) iff for A is broader than B.
area is a quantity that pertains to the extent of a two-dimensional surface or shape, or planar lamina, in the plane.
area
A positional description is a description of location using some system or frame of reference.
positional identifier
diastereomer
A diastereomer is a stereoisomer that is not a mirror image of its isomer.
heterocyclic ring
A heterocyclic ring is a ring containing a hetero atom.
The square portion of the chart bounded by lines that overlap with the two axes in Graph 1 of http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm
A plot is a part of a figure that corresponds to the spatial region between the set of axes.
plot
belief
A belief is a proposition that is believed to be true.
terror is the extreme feeling of fear.
terror
scaled value axis
A scaled value axis is a value axis in which the value range was subject to a mathematic transformation.
A cellular organism is an organism that contains one or more cells.
cellular organism
medical data
medical data is data of interest to medicine.
information decoding
synthetic quality is the quality of a manufactured object that has similar properties as naturally occuring objects.
synthetic quality
satisfies
satisfies is a relation between an entity and the specification or objective that it conforms to.
An ionic compound is a mereological maximal sum of weakly connected paired positive and negative ions.
ionic compound
An x-axis is a Cartesian coordinate axis that is aligned with the horizon.
x-axis
In most figures, this axis represents categories, such as months, market segments, or other non-numeric data.
The horizontal axis in http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm
A non-polar solvent is a solvent that exhibits a non-polar quality.
nonpolar solvent
guilt
Guilt is the emotion borne from feeling responsible for the commission of an offense and arises out of public humiliation.
a collection of replicates is a collection composed of items that are a facsimile, reproduction, or copy of other items in the collection.
replicates
a collection of replicates
gold atom
glucose and ATP are inputs in the hexokinase-mediated conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate.
sadi
is input in is a relation between an entity and a process, where the entity is present at the beginning of the process.
is input in
A versioned record is a record for which there exists another variant based that was derived via modification of the facts.
versioned record
An OBO ontology is an ontology document as specified by the Open Biological Ontology community.
OBO ontology
ploidy is the cellular quality relating to the amount of DNA contained in a cell.
ploidy
assertional qualifier
An assertional qualifier is the quality of affirmation, either being positive or negative.
nucleic acid part
A nucleic acid part is a component of a nucleic acid.
consensus
consensus is an acceptable resolution, one that can be supported, even if not the preferred outcome for each individual.
a duplicate is an object that is an exact copy of another item
duplicate
An object model is a representation of an object.
object model
a vector is a rank 1 tensor that is described by n-dimension of scalars.
rank 1 tensor
vector
A hydrogen bond is a weak submolecular interaction formed between a hydrogen atom and a electronegative atom.
hydrogen bond
triangle
A triangle is a polygon composed of three points and three line segments, in which each point is fully connected to another point along through the line segment.
carbohydrate
oligosaccharide
saccharide
a carbohydrate is an organic molecule composed of two or more monosaccharides.
A patient role is the role of an individual that is the recepient of medical care.
patient role
CDS
coding sequence
A protein coding sequence (CDS) is the region of DNA that is translated to form proteins. The CDS refers to those nucleotides (concatenated exons) that can be divided into codons which are actually translated into amino acids by the ribosomal translation machinery.
protein coding sequence
5' splice site
The 5' splice site is the terminal region of an exon that is 5' to the intron that is to be excised.
regulation of molecular quantity
A process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of process involved in the creation or destruction of a molecule.
A line segment is a line and a part of a curve that is (inclusively) bounded by two terminal points.
line segment
role
A role is a realizable entity that describes behaviours, rights and obligations of an entity in some particular circumstance.
speech is the expression of thoughts and feelings by sound.
speech
to serve as a primer for DNA synthesis
to serve as a primer for DNA synthesis is the capability of a short nucleic acid to bind to the 5' end of single strand of DNA template and help initiate DNA replication.
behaviour
Behaviour is the set of actions and mannerisms made by systems (biological or otherwise) in response to stimuli or inputs, whether internal or external, conscious or subconscious, overt or covert, and voluntary or involuntary.
ununpentium atom
(0,1) is an open interval that is greater than 0 and less than 1.
an open interval is an interval that does not include its endpoints.
open interval
mercury atom
diamond is a carbon allotrope in which each carbon atom in diamond is covalently bonded to four other carbons in a tetrahedron. These tetrahedrons together form a 3-dimensional network of puckered six-membered rings of atoms.
diamond
A z cartesian coordinate is the coordinate of an object onto the z-axis of a cartesian coordinate system.
z cartesian coordinate
contentment
contentment is an emotion characterized by acknowledgement and satisfaction of the current state of affairs.
information content entity is an object that requires some background knowledge or procedure to correctly interpret.
information content entity
A quaternary structure descriptor describes topological patterns in a multi-unit biopolymer complex.
quaternary structure
generic name
A generic name is the preferred name provided by manufacturer.
A is contained in B iff the spatial region occupied by A is part of the spatial region occupied by B and A is not part of B. [T]
is contained in
A mouse is a small mammal belonging to the order of rodents, characteristically having a pointed snout, small rounded ears, and a long naked or almost hairless tail.
mouse
inclusion criterion
An inclusion criterion is a criterion that must be present to satisfy some objective.
physician
A doctor role is the role of an individual who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments.
doctor role
middle name
a middle name is a name assigned to an individual that is not the first or last name.
A gene-variant disease association in which a germline mutation in the gene modifies the clinical presentation of the disease, and it may be passed on to offspring.
gene-disease association linked with germline modifying mutation
monomer
A monomer is a submolecule that is proper part of some polymer, and is a building block for such polymer.
A flowchart is a diagram that represents an algorithm or process, showing the steps as boxes of various kinds, and their order by connecting these with arrows.
flowchart
desire
desire is a strong emotion of wanting to have something or wishing for something to happen.
is part of is a transitive, reflexive and anti-symmetric mereological relation between a whole and itself or a part and its whole.
is part of
nullizygous
nullizygous is the quality of a biological organism in which there are no allelles at a given locus.
A centrifugation pellet is a solid substance that forms as a result of compaction by a centrifuge.
centrifugation pellet
chaoite is an allotrope of carbon that is slightly harder than graphite with a reflection colour of grey to white.
chaoite
A university is an institution of higher education and research which grants academic degrees in a variety of subjects and provides both undergraduate education and postgraduate education.
university
A geographic position is the coordinate of an entity against some geographic coordinate system.
geographic position
not started is the status of a process that is predicted to exist but has not yet begun.
not started
user account allows a user to authenticate to system services and be granted authorization to access them.
user account
is weakly interacting with
A sequence assembly is a symbolic sequence representing an ordered sequence of biological symbols that is produced by a sequence assembly process through the integration of multiple sequence inputs.
sequence assembly
chemical-gene association
a chemical-gene association is an association between a chemical and a gene.
A map is a a visual representation of an area that depicts the relationship between elements of that space.
map
an interval is a set of real numbers with the property that any number that lies between two numbers in the set is also included in the set.
An interval is a set of real numbers that includes all numbers between any two numbers in the set.
interval
The set of all numbers x satisfying 0<=x<=1 is an interval which contains 0 and 1, as well as numbers between them.
A positive emotion is an emotion that feels good.
positive emotion
sound wave
A sound wave is a mechanical wave that is an oscillation of pressure transmitted through a solid, liquid, or gas, composed of frequencies within the range of hearing.
A gene component is a component of a gene.
gene component
patient
A patient is an individual that is the recepient of medical care.
chemical reaction pathway
A chemical reaction pathway specifies a series of chemical reactions towards producing some chemical product.
A process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of process involved in the destruction of a molecule as a result of decreased regulation.
decreased molecular degradation from decreased regulation
A photograph is an image created by light falling on a light-sensitive surface.
photograph
photo
is disposition of
is disposition of is a relation between a disposition and the entity that it is a property of.
fatal is a qualitative intensity value that is more intense than severe, leading to the death/non-functioning of a system.
fatal
is directly after
is directly after is a relation between entities placed on a dimensional axis in which the projection of the position of the first entity is numerically greater than the projection of the position of the second entity, and the entities are adjacent to one another.
A nucleic acid strand is a single-stranded nucleic acid that is part of a double stranded nucleic acid complex.
nucleic acid strand
bottom value axis
A bottom value axis is a value axis that is spatially positioned to the bottom of the plot area.
An objective is a proposition that indicates a planned or anticipated outcome.
objective
positive
positive is an assertional qualifier that expresses the validity or truth of a basic assertion.
A paragraph is a self-contained unit of written discourse consisting of one or more sentences.
paragraph
An empty set is a set for which there are exactly 0 members.
empty set
has direct part
has direct part is a relation to specify a part at a particular level of granularity
a car has an engine as a direct part
A binary scale is a measurement scale that specifies a choice between two values.
binary scale
gene enhancer
A gene enhancer is a short region of DNA that can be bound with proteins to enhance transcription levels of genes in a gene cluster.
An intron is a region of a gene that is removed from the final protein open reading frame.
intron
A standard score is the (signed) number of standard deviations an observation or datum is above the mean.
standard score
z-value, z-score, normal score, standardadized variable.
signal
A signal is an object that initiates a sequence of events.
drug-pathway association
chemical-pathway association
a chemical-pathway association is an association between a chemical and a pathway.
rate of change
The amount of change accumulated per unit time.
the architect builds a model that represents the building she envisions.
is model of is a relation between a model (an artifact) and the entity it purports to represent.
is model of
Pity is the emotion of sadness or sorrow for another.
pity
structure
structure is the specification that refers to the composition and arrangement of parts of an object.
concentration is the amount of substance per unit volume of a solution
concentration
to be activated is the capability to be modified in such a way that the conformational change leads to an increase in another capability.
to be activated
A sentence is a grammatical unit consisting of one or more words that bear minimal syntactic relation to the words that precede or follow it.
sentence
to transport
to transport is the capability to displace a material from one location to another.
corporation
A corporation is an organization that is granted a charter recognizing it as a separate legal entity.
to reduce
to reduce is the capability to add an electron or an decrease in oxidation state of a chemical entity.
chromium atom
A word is the smallest free form (an item that may be expressed in isolation with semantic or pragmatic content) in a language.
word
A hyponym is a term with a narrower meaning.
hyponym
criterion
A criterion is a specification to describe properties used for evaluation.
double displacement reaction
A double displacement reaction is a displacement reaction in which two molecules swap ions, effectively displacing each other to form two new molecules.
planning
planning is the agentive process of developing a plan that specifies a set of actions in order to meet a set of goals or objectives.
notation
a notation is a series or system of written symbols used to represent numbers, amounts, or elements.
treemap
A treemap is a chart that fully partitions the area into a set of rectangles whose area represents its relative value.
A movie is a series of images that are displayed in rapid succession to give the impression of movement.
movie
film
moving pictures
decreased frequency of process from increased regulation
The increase of regulation leads to a decreased occurence of processes of the target process type.
legislation
A legal document proposing or enacting a law or a group of laws.
A moleclar site is a spatial region bounded (in part or in whole) by a molecule and may be occupied by other material entities (e.g. drugs).
molecular site
agreement quality is a quality that exhibits the degree of consensus for some set of assertions.
agreement quality
methods section
The methods section is a document section containing a description of the methods used in the study.
to serve as a template for molecular synthesis
to serve as a template for molecular synthesis is the capability of a chemical entity to provide the necessary information or scaffold by which another molecule may be produced.
cadmium atom
action specification
An action specification is a specification composed of a sequence of instructions to achieve some objective.
A conference proceedings is a book composed of papers presented at a conference.
conference proceedings
document version
A document version is a version of a work in some sequence of derivative works.
process up-regulation is a process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of one or more processes in relation to a reference state.
positive regulation
process up-regulation
text span start position
text span start position is the position (offset) of the first character of a text span in relation the text it is from.
to observe is the capability to watch attentively.
to observe
to be moved
to be translocated
to be translocated is the capability to be physically displaced from one location to another
the role of a patient is realized in medical examination
is realized in
non-cellular organism
A non-cellular organism is an organism that does not contain a cell.
gadolinium atom
to boil is the capability to increase the internal kinetic energy of a material such that it changes state from a solid or liquid to a gas.
to boil
is capability of
is capability of is a relation between a capability and the entity that bears it.
subject role
A subject role is the role of an individual that is the target of the study.
The materials and methods section is a document section containing a description of the materials and methods used in the study.
materials and methods section
An occupational role is a social role that pertains to an organizational structure.
occupational role
discouragement
Discouragement is the emtion of having lost confidence or enthusiasm.
refers to is a relation between one entity and the entity that it makes reference to.
refers to
real
real is the quality of an entity that exists in real space and time.
The geographic region bounded by Canada; the spatial region occupied by the US embassy in Ottawa.
geopolitical region
a geopolitical region is a geographic region recognized by social or legal convention.
A chemical identifier is an identifier for a chemical entity
chemical identifier
information processing
information processing is a process that involves the generation or use of information.
a protein isoform is a protein that is a structural variant (different sequence of amino acids and/or post-translational modifications) of another protein, but encoded by the same gene.
protein isoform
is comparable to is a relation between two entities that share at least one feature whose value can be compared.
is comparable to
An antonym is a word with opposite or nearly opposite meaning.
antonym
regulation of object consumption
A process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of process involved in the consumption of an object.
vector line
A vector line is a line which that is bounded by a startpoint and extends outwards along one dimension.
agreement
agreement is the result of consensus decision making when members of the group agree.
joy
joy is an emotion of intense happiness.
A submolecular entity is a chemical entity that is a part of a molecule.
submolecular entity
passive transport
passive transport is the movement of a substance across a membrane and does not require chemical energy.
a relation between two entities which indicates their common ancestry.
is homologous to
chemical group
A chemical functional group is a submolecule that confers specific chemical properties.
chemical functional group
sick
sick is the status of a living organism that is behaving at a sub-optimal level.
e.coli
Escherichia coli (e coli) is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms.
A standard is a socially-agreed upon specification.
standard
is described by
is described by is a relation between one entity and another entity that provides a description (detailed account) of it.
implies (->)
Implication is a logical operator that holds between a set T of propositions and a proposition B, when every model (or interpretation or valuation) of T is also a model of B.
conclusion
A conclusion is a proposition which is reached after considering the evidence, arguments or premises.
DisGeNET Pleiotropy Index
The DisGeNET pleiotropy index is a measure of specificity as it pertains to classes of disease. The disease pleotropy index is computed from the ratio of the number of disease classes associated with an entity over the total number of disease classes multplied by 100. The measure is defined here: http://www.disgenet.org/web/DisGeNET/menu/dbinfo#pleiotropy
zirconium atom
chemical salt
salt
a chemical salt is a molecular complex composed of an ionic assembly of cations and anions.
to record
to record is the capability to detect and transcribe information in a specified format on some physical medium.
A variant role is a comparative role in which the value of an attribute differs when compared to another entity
variant role
A tag cloud is a visualization of word frequencies.
word cloud
tag cloud
medical intervention
a medical intervention is a medical procedure to treat (to cure or alleviate) a health condition.
A line-bar graph statistical graph that contains both lines and bars.
Graph 8 in http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm
line-bar graph
A ring is a submolecule with a circular topology.
ring
graphite
graphite is an allotrope of carbon which is a conductor, and is the most stable form of solid carbon.
symport enabled secondary active transport is a secondary active transfort in which both ion and molecule are transported in the same direction simultaneously.
symport enabled secondary active transport
Frequency is the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit time
frequency
suffering
Suffering is the unpleasant emotion and aversion associated with the perception of harm or threat of harm in an individual.
purpose is the reason for which something is done or created or for which something exists.
purpose
alive
alive is the state of a biological organism that exhibits biological functions.
A medical practioner is an individual that provides medical care.
medical practitioner
A ribonucleotide residue is a part of a molecule that derives from a ribonucleotide.
ribonucleotide residue
A chemical degradation pathway is a pathway involved in the disassembly of a chemical.
chemical degradation pathway
dimensional quantity
A dimensional quantity is a quantity that has an associated unit.
A primary database key is a database key that identifies every row of a table.
primary database key
A biopolymer is an organic polymer that are typically produced by the cells of living organisms.
biopolymer
title
A title is a textual entity that summarily describes some entity.
An addition reaction is an organic reaction where two or more molecules combine to form a larger one. Addition reactions are limited to chemical compounds that have multiply-bonded atoms: * Molecules with carbon-carbon double bonds or triple bonds * Molecules with carbon - hetero double bonds like C=O or C=N
addition reaction
'is related to' is the top level relation in SIO
is related to
A is related to B iff there is some relation between A and B.
A database row is a row that is part of a database table.
database row
A hypernym is a term with a broader meaning.
hypernym
regulation of object quantity
regulation of a participant quantity is the regulation of a process in which the quantity of its partcipants is changed.
is satisfied by
cell
A cell is a biological entity that is contained by a plasma membrane.
number of objects consumed
number of objects consumed is a count of objects that were consumed in some process.
polygonal chain, polygonal curve, polygonal path, piecewise linear curve
A polyline is a connected sequence of line segments.
polyline
An academic is an individual that participates in education and scholarship.
academic
speed
Speed is the rate of change of an object's position.
A graph title is a title that describes a graph.
graph title
Total value of permits increased slightly in December" in Graph 1 of http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm
gene-disease association linked with somatic causal mutation
A gene-variant disease association in which a somatic mutation in the gene/protein results in the development or maintenance of the disease, and it may not be passed on to offspring.
A computational entity is an information content entity operated on using some computational system.
computational entity
to change appearance is the capability to change the material composition of an object.
to change materially
to be inhibited
to be inhibited is the capability to be modified in such a way that the conformational change leads to an decrease in another capability.
measured at is a relation between a measurement value and the time measurement.
measured at
author role
An author role is the role of an individual that creates a creative, written work.
decreased duration of process from increased regulation
decreased duration of process from increased regulation is a process in which the duration of the target process is decreased as a result of increased regulation.
A polygon edge is a line segment joining two polygon vertices.
polygon edge
is direct part of
is direct part of is a relation between a specific part (at some level of granularity) and its whole.
moderate
moderate is a qualitative intensity value that is more intense than mild, but less intense than strong.
A numeric label is a number used as a label.
numeric label
a collection of cars has as a car as a part;a car has an engine as a part; a car has a piston as a part;
has part
has part is a transitive, reflexive and antisymmetric relation between a whole and itself or a whole and its part.
literature curation is the process of an agent selecting and extracting terms and phrases from a document.
literature curation
is broader than
interacting is a process characterized by the interaction between two or more entities.
interacting
some of the time
some refers to in the minority of occasions
minimal value
A minimal value is smallest value of an attribute for the entities in the defined set.
measurement value
A measurement value is a quantitative description that reflects the magnitude of some attribute.
a coding sequence is a sequence of nucleotides which encode a RNA or protein product..
medical history
A medical history is a record of the events of a recipient of medical care.
A collection is a set for which there exists at least one member, although any member need not to exist at any point in the collection's existence.
collection
A data collection device is a device that collects information about one or more objects.
data collection device
maintenance of spatial extent of process
maintenance of spatial extent of process is a regulation of a process' spatial extent within some specified parameter.
has creator
the iPhone was created by Apple Inc
was created by
is created by
has creator is a relation between an entity and that which created it.
to be actively interacted with is the capability to be manipulated by some device or agent.
to be actively interacted with
full is the quality of contain an entity such that there is no more space for any additional entity.
full
The table of contents is a document section that lists all sections (and optionally subsections) in a sequential order along with their page number.
table of contents
to negatively charge
to negatively charge is the capability to add an electron or negatively charged ion to a chemical entity.
A manuscript is a document prior to publication.
manuscript
statistical graph
A statistical graph is a figure that displays the relationship among numeric data and/or mathematical functions.
tree diagram
A tree diagram is a hierarchical network diagram in which a root vertex is connected to one or more other vertices through a directed edge, which in turn may be connected to other vertices.
is mutual role of
a is mutual role of b if and only if the realization of role a necessarily causes the realization of role b.
cobalt atom
letter
A letter is a document that contains a personal communication from one part to another.
niobium atom
is unique identifier for is a relation between an identifier and an entity that it uniquely identifies
is unique identifier for
to modify electronically
to modify electronically is the capability to change the electronic properties of an object.
A molecular regulator is a molecule that regulates the function of another chemical entity.
molecular regulator
A curve segment is a part of a curve that consists of at least three points.
curve segment
ethnicity
ethnicity is the biological quality of membership in a social group based on a common heritage.
to modify the oxidation state of is to change the number of electrons of a molecule, atom or ion.
to modify oxidation state of
A nucleotide residue is a part of a molecule that derives from a nucleotide.
nucleotide residue
A primary graph title is a primary title that describes a statistical graph.
"Total value of permits increased slightly in December" in Graph 1 of http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm
primary graph title
reference
A reference is a textual entity that describes a single source used in the preparation or development of the work.
has time boundary
to test a hypothesis
to test a hypothesis is the capability to evaluate the truth value of a proposition based on gathered evidence.
active transport
active transport is the movement of a substance across a membrane against its concentration gradient (from low to high concentration) and requires chemical energy.
process
A process is an entity that is identifiable only through the unfolding of time, has temporal parts, and unless otherwise specified/predicted, cannot be identified from any instant of time in which it exists.
derives into
a derives to b if and only if a or some part thereof is consumed in the formation of b.
A chemical interaction is a biochemical process in which chemical entities interact through some set of attractive forces.
chemical interaction
major version number
A major version number is a version of a software that exhibits a significant change in functionalilty from a prior version.
is narrower than (t)
A is narrower than B (t) iff for A is narrower than B.
The role of a chemical entity that modifies the rate of reaction.
regulator role
A logical operator is a unary or binary relation to construct logical expressions.
logical operator
A premise is a proposition of an argument from which the conclusion is drawn.
premise
product role
The role of a chemical entity present at the end of a chemical reaction.
arc
an arc is a closed segment of a differentiable curve.
A value axis is an axis in which the position along the line is partioned into numeric values.
A value axis holds the properties of having a minimum and a maximum value, and is usually associated with tickmarks that indicate intervals along the axis.
value axis
The value axis that ranges from 3.0 to 7.4 and corresponds to billions of dollars in Graph 1 of http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm
family history
family history is the systematic narrative and research of past events relating to a specific family, or specific families.
decreased molecular production from increased regulation
A process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of process involved in the production of a molecule as a result of increased regulation.
loathing is an intense dislike or disgust.
loathing
glucose-6-phosphate is the product of the hexokinase-mediated conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate.
is product of is a relation between an entity and a process, where the entity is present at the end of the process as a result of a transformation in the process target.
is product of
to reduce the activation energy
to reduce the activation energy is to require a smaller amount of energy in order to form or break a chemical bond.
mass is the quality of the amount of substance.
mass
to demagnify
to demagnify is the capability to decrease the appearance of the size of an object.
x is correlated with y when x holds a statistical relationship with y
is correlated with
is adjacent to
A is adjacent to B iff there is a small, but non-zero distance between A and B
has product is a relation between an process and an entity, where a new entity exists at the end of the process.
has product
modifying is the process by which an entity gains or loses parts, qualities, roles, dispositions, functions, etc, but maintains their identity through these changes.
modification
modifying
bibliography section
A bibliography section is a document section that is composed of a list of references used in the development of the work.
scientific name
A scientific name is a name given through scientific nomenclature.
human
A human is a primates of the family Hominidae and are characterized by having a large brain relative to body size, with a well developed neocortex, prefrontal cortex and temporal lobes, making them capable of abstract reasoning, language, introspection, problem solving and culture through social learning.
human population
A human population refers to a collection of human beings.
polymer
A polymer is a molecule composed of a connected set of monomeric residues.
A histogram is a graphical representation of data which consists of tabular frequencies, shown as adjacent rectangles, over discrete intervals (bins) , with an area equal to the frequency of the observations in the interval.
histogram
A regulatory authority is an organization responsible for exercising regulatory or supervisory capacity in some area of human activity.
regulatory authority
A Master's thesis is a thesis prepared as a requirement for a Master's degree.
master's thesis
hurt is an unpleasant feeling, emotion or sensation.
hurt
is result of
xenon atom
to decode information
the ability to reverse an encoding operation
right-handed helical quality is the quality in which a clockwise screwing motion moves the helix away from the observed along the line of sight along the helix's axis.
right-handed helical
A spatial boundary is the closure minus the interior of a subset of a topological space.
spatial boundary
charge quality
charge quality is the quality pertaining to electric charge.
statistical association
A statistical association is any relationship between two measured quantities that renders them statistically dependent.
A quality that has a value that is outside normal or average.
abnormal
rubidium atom
A biomolecular structure descriptor is structure description for organic compounds.
biomolecular structure descriptor
an anatomical entity is an object that is a structural part (material or immaterial) of a biological entity.
anatomical entity
deoxyribonucleotide residue
A deoxyribonucleotide residue is a part of a molecule that derives from a deoxyribonucleotide.
to contain
to contain is the capability to bound or constrain a physical entity in some site.
A class is a collection of sets which can be unambiguously defined by a property that all its members share.
class
question
A question is a linguistic expression used to make a request for information.
A textual entity is language entity that is manifested as a sequence of one or more distinct characters.
textual entity
wave
A wave is a physical entity that travels through space and time, consist of oscillations or vibrations and may be accompanied by the transfer of energy.
Gratitude, thankfulness, gratefulness, or appreciation is a feeling, emotion or attitude in acknowledgment of a benefit that one has received or will receive.
gratitude
cylindrical coordinate system
A cylindrical coordinate system is a three-dimensional coordinate system that specifies point positions by the distance from a chosen reference axis, the direction from the axis relative to a chosen reference direction, and the distance from a chosen reference plane perpendicular to the axis.
chemical-disease association
A chemical-disease association is an association between a chemical and a disease.
RDFS ontology
An RDFS ontology is an ontology that conforms to the syntax and semantics of the Resource Description Framework Schema (RDFS).
verbal language
A verbal language is a language that uses sounds to communicate.
database entry
A database entry is a single, implicitly structured data item in a table.
promethium atom
Graphs 3,4,5 in http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm
bar graph
A bar graph is a statistical graph with rectangular bars of lengths proportional to that value that they represent.
Uniform Resource Locator
A Uniform Resource Locator or Universal Resource Locator (URL) is a specific character string that constitutes a reference to an Internet resource.
URL
osmium atom
phrase net diagram
A phrase net diagram illustrates the relationship between different words used in a text.
hafnium atom
A 3D cartesian coordinate is a coordinate that is composed of an x, y and z coordinate.
3D cartesian coordinate
anion
An anion is an atom or molecule with a net negative electrical charge.
is directly connected to
A is directly connected to B iff there exists a path direclty between A and B.
to supply energy
to supply energy is the capability to transfer energy from a source to a sink.
hypothetical
hypothetical is the quality of an entity that is conjectured to exist.
A sequence motif is a pattern of nucleotides in a DNA sequence or amino acids in a protein.
sequence motif
quantile
A quantile is a quantity that divides the range of a probability distribution into continuous intervals with equal probabilities, or dividing the observations in a sample in the same way.
is implementation of is a relation between an information entity and a specification that it conforms to.
is implementation of
is cited by
is cited by is a relation from an object that is referred to by way of example, authority or proof.
time measurement is a measurement value of the duration of some interval of time or a particular instant of time (against some frame of reference).
the duration of my life; the duration of a surgical procedure, the moment of death
time measurement
Time intervals are specified as date/datetime ranges.
social relation
A social relation is a social entity that describes a relationship between two or more individuals or groups.
has parameter
has parameter is a relation between a process and an information content entity which modulates the behaviour of some participant.
collection of 3d molecular structure models
A collection of 3D molecular structure models is just that.
A medical procedure is a procedure to identify, examine, alleviate or eliminate an undesirable biological disease or disorder.
medical procedure
composition quality is a quality that describes its composition or anatomy.
compositional quality
annoyance
Annoyance is an unpleasant emtion that is characterized by a abnormal or excessive sensitivity to some external stimulus.
has concretization
A has concretization B iff A is an informational entity and B is the a quality of some material entity.
molecular orbital
A molecular orbital (or MO) is a mathematical function describing the wave-like behavior of an electron in a molecule.
A molecular activator is a molecular regulator that realizes its disposition to conformationally change a target molecule and increase its functionality.
activator
A sign language (also signed language) is a language that involves manual communication and body language to convey meaning. This can involve simultaneously combining hand shapes, orientation and movement of the hands, arms or body, and facial expressions to fluidly express a speaker's thoughts.
sign language
to increase the rate of formation is to regulate the rate of formation in a manner that increases this rate relative to a reference process.
to increase the rate of formation
A year is a period of time taken by a planet to make one revolution around the sun.
year
A mode is the value that appears most often in a set of data.
mode
to supply electricity
to supply electricity is the capability to transfer electricity from a source to a sink.
is close match to
technetium atom
introduction section
An introduction section is a document section that generally provides background, motivation and goals of the work.
A concept is term that refers to a generalization of a set of attributes or entities.
concept
silver atom
carbon atom
to serve as a template for protein synthesis is the capability of a chemical entity to provide the necessary information or scaffold by which a protein may be produced.
to serve as a template for protein synthesis
neither satisfied or dissatisfied qualifier
abstract role
An abstract role is a role whose basis lies in spatial/temporal or comparative relations.
A namespace label is a short name for a namespace.
namespace label
A monosaccharide is an organic molecule that consists of a single polyhydroxy aldehyde or ketone group.
monosaccharide
passion
passion is the intense desire for something.
weak submolecular component
A weak submolecular component is a submolecular component that weakly connects submolecular components.
word end position is the position of the last character in a word as an offset from the first character of the text in which it is found.
word end position
a statement of consequence is a statement concerning the result or effect of an action or condition.
statement of consequence
never refers to in none of the occasions.
never
measurement scale
A measurement scale is a functional specification that specifies an allowed range of categories or values.
curium atom
A second (symbol: s) is the base unit of time in the International System of Units (SI) and is the second division of the hour by sixty, the first division by 60 being the minute.
second
has property is a relation between an entity and the quality, capability or role that it and it alone bears.
michel's hair has the quality of being brown in colour.
has property
An electrophilic addition reaction is a polar addition reaction where a pi bond is removed by the creation of two new covalent bonds.
electrophilic addition reaction
A chemical element is a (effectively) homogeneous substance composed of one type of atom.
chemical element
to change the activation energy is to change the amount of energy required to form or break a chemical bond.
to change the activation energy
A newspaper is a periodical publication containing news regarding current events, informative articles, diverse features, editorials, and advertising.
newspaper
is creator of is a relation between a creator and an entity..
is creator of
stereoisomer
A stereoisomer is an isomer in which the atomic connectivity is the same, but differs in its spatial arrangement of atoms.
fictional is the quality of an entity that exists only in a creative work of fiction.
fictional
is denoted by
chemical-chemical association
A chemical-chemical association is an association between two chemical entities.
is supporting evidence for
is similar to is a relation between two entities that share one or more features.
is similar to
A minor tick mark is a tick mark that indicates the position of a specific numeric value but has no adjacent value label, or is one of a pair of tick marks that delineates the boundary of a categorical value but has no adjacent category label on the categorical axis.
minor tick mark
a human has blood as a component part
has component part
has component part is a relation between a whole and a component part where the component is instrinsic to the whole, and loss of the part would change the kind that it is.
An anion is an atom or molecule with a net positive electrical charge.
cation
An object is an entity that is wholly identifiable at any instant of time during which it exists.
object
process number is a number associated with a process that denotes its ordinal position in a set of processes.
process number
An intersection is a list of only the values of an attribute for the entities in the defined set where all entities have that value.
intersection
5i is an imaginary number, and its square is -25.
An imaginary number is a complex number whose real part is zero e.g. 0 + bi, and is expressed as a multiple of the square root of -1.
imaginary number
A low barrier hydrogen bond is a shorter, stronger hydrogen bond that is formed between both heteroatoms.
low barrier hydrogen bond
A common name is a name that is commonly used.
common name
comparing is the process of examining a set of objects and determining their equality or inequality based on one or more features.
comparing
holmium atom
written language is a language that is communicated through a writing system.
written language
nmr device
A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) device is a device that applies a magnetic field to perturb nuclei with an odd number of protons and/or of neutrons in order to hav them absort and re-emit electromagnetic radiation.
nuclear magnetic resonance device
nucleophilic addition reaction
A nucleophilic addition reaction is an addition reaction where a pi bond is removed by the creation of two new covalent bonds by the addition from a nucleophile.
website
A website is a collection of documents published on the World Wide Web.
materials section
The materials section is a document section containing a description of the materials used in the study.
geometric entity
A geometric entity is an information content entity that pertains to the structure and topology of a space.
A sequence profile is provides the preference for a character at each position of an abstracted sequence.
sequence profile
to passively interact with is the capability to interact with another entity in a way that does not require physical contact.
to passively interact with
An RNA transcript is an RNA molecule that is produced from transcription of a nucleic acid template.
RNA transcript
allotrope
An allotrope is a structural variant of a chemical element.
A geographic heatmap is a graphical representation of data over a geographic region where individual values are represented as colors.
geographic heatmap
An experimental protocol is an action specification with respect to the design and implementation of experiments. In addition to providing a detailed set of procedures and lists of required equipment and instruments, experimental protocols often include information on safety precautions, the calculation of results and reporting standards, including statistical analysis and rules for predefining and documenting excluded data to avoid bias.
experimental protocol
fear
Fear is a negative emotion induced by a perceived threat that induces one to hide or move quickly away from the location of the perceived threat.
mereological quality
a mereological quality is a quality of an entity vis-a-vis containment or parthood
zinc atom
mild
mild is a qualitative intensity value that is more intense than weak, but less intense than moderate.
association
An association is a relationship between two or more entities derived by some informational analysis.
is causally related from
a is causally related from b iff there is a causal chain of events from b to a
einsteinium atom
a car is a participant in a car race; glucose is a participant in glycolysis
is participant in is a relation that describes the participation of the subject in the (processual) object.
is participant in
indifference
indifference is an emotion characterized by lack of interest, concern, or sympathy.
transporting
transporting is a process in which one object physically moves another object from one location to another.
A time internval is a contiguous temporal region having some duration.
time interval
exists at is a relation between an entity and a time measurement.
exists at
empty is the quality of not containing some thing
empty
object relational quality
object relational quality refers to a quality in relation to one or more objects
RNA is translated into Protein
a relation between two information content entities in which one is translated into (a completely different kind of entity) another through some process.
is translated into
The colored line segments and the adjacent textual descriptions in Graph 1 of http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm
A legend is a part of a figure that associates textual descriptions with symbols pertaining to plotted entities.
legend
experiment
An experiment is an investigation that has the goal of verifying, falsifying, or establishing the validity of a hypothesis.
a salt is a heterogeneous substance that is coposed of positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions) held together by electrostatic forces.
A graduate student advisor role is the role of an individual employed at an academic organization that is involved in advising graduate students.
graduate student advisor role
diagnostic test
clinical laboratory test
A diagnostic test is a procedure performed to confirm, or determine the presence of disease in an individual suspected of having the disease, usually following the report of symptoms, or based on the results of other medical tests.
sequence start position
A sequence start position is the start position for a sequence of characters.
A process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of process involved in the production of a molecule as a result of increased regulation.
increased molecular production from increased regulation
transfer RNA (tRNA)
A transfer RNA (tRNA) is an RNA molecule that aids in the translation of a messenger RNA (mRNA) to produce a protein product.
tRNA
effective dose
effective dose is the amount of a substance required to produce an effect on a predefined percentage of a population.
Longitude is a geographic position that refers to the angle east or west of a reference meridian between the two geographical poles to another meridian that passes through an arbitrary point.
longitude
pleasure
pleasure is an emotion of happy satisfaction and enjoyment.
snoRNA
small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA)
A small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) is a small RNA that are associated with the eukaryotic nucleus as components of small nucleolar ribonucleoproteins.
solute
A solute is a substance that becomes dissolved in a solvent.
is parameter in
is parameter in is a relation between a data item and some data transformation process.
IP number
an IP number is an number to connect to a device on the internet.
regulation
regulating
regulating is a process that modulates the attributes of an object or process.
has start time
A dependent variable is one whose value changes as a consequence of changes in other values in the system.
dependent variable
member count
A count of the instances of a class or members in a collection.
glucose-6-phosphate and ADP are outputs in the hexokinase-mediated conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate.
is output of
is output of is a relation between an entity and a process, where the entity is present at the end of the process.
chemical transport is the directed movement of a chemical entity by some agent (e.g. transporter).
chemical transport
antimony atom
chemical destruction is destruction of a chemical entity to its chemical constituents through one ormore chemical interactions or reactions.
chemical destruction
endpoint
An endpoint is a terminal point that is the last of an ordered pair of points.
Rage is a feeling of intense anger that is associated with the Fight-or-flight response.
rage
thorium atom
francium atom
A group of people affiliated by consanguinity, affinity, or co-residence.
family
homogeneous is a quality that describes the varied composition of an object.
heterogeneous
A transfer RNA (tRNA) gene is a gene that codes for a tRNA used in the translation of a messenger RNA (mRNA) to produce a protein product.
tRNA gene
solube RNA (sRNA) gene
transfer RNA (tRNA) gene
ionsdaleite
ionsdaleite is a hexagonal allotrope of the carbon allotrope diamond.
An intervention study has the objective of improving the condition of an individual or a group of individuals, and demonstrates the magnitude of that capability by comparing it to a control group.
intervention study
NOT is a logical operator in that has the value true if its operand is false.
negation (not)
capability
A capability is a realizable entity whose basis lies in one or more parts or qualities and reflects possibility of an entity to behave in a specified way under certain conditions or in response to a certain stimulus (trigger).
has basis
has basis is a relation between a realizable entity and the quality that forms the basis for it.
is covalently connected to (transitive)
double stranded nucleic acid is a molecular complex composed of two weakly connected deoxyribonucleic acids.
double stranded DNA
quantity modifier
A biological entity is a heterogeneous substance that contains genomic material or is the product of a biological process.
biological entity
A cell line is a collection of genetically identifical cells.
cell line
A realizable entity is an attribute that is exhibited under some condition and is realized in some process.
realizable entity
semantic web service
a semantic web service is a web service that provides a formal, machine understanble description of its functionality.
count
The number of elements of a finite set of objects.
perception is the organization, identification, and interpretation of sensory information in order to fabricate a mental representation through the process of transduction, which sensors in the body transform signals from the environment into encoded neural signals.
perception
is identical to is a relation between two objects that are conceptually the same notwithstanding provenance or other non-intrinsic attributes.
is identical to
gene-disease association linked with somatic modifying mutation
A gene-variant disease association in which a somatic mutation in the gene modifies the clinical presentation of the disease, and it may not be passed on to offspring.
is exact match to
versioned dataset
a versioned dataset is a dataset with a particular release date or release number.
regulation of molecular production
A process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of process involved in the production of a molecule.
A ribosomal RNA gene is a gene that codes for a ribosomal RNA molecule.
ribosomal RNA gene
a collection item is an item in a collection.
collection item
in relation to
in relation to is a comparative relation to indicate that the instance of the class holding the relation exists in relation to another entity.
academic organization
An academic organization is a lawfully recognized organization that confers diplomas, degrees and other forms of recognition of academic achievement.
a gene symbol is a short name assigned to a gene.
gene symbol
rhodium atom
is lesser than to is a comparison relation between two quantities in which the first has a value smaller than the second.
is lesser than
A namespace is an informational entity that defines a logical container for a set of symbols or identifiers.
namespace
x cartesian coordinate
An x cartesian coordinate is the coordinate of an object onto the x-axis of a cartesian coordinate system.
the external surface of the window; the surface of the p52 protein
A material boundary is the boundary of a material entity which exists as a lower dimensional entity at exactly the location where its parts no longer extend into space. Every material entity has a boundary, and a boundary is the boundary of exactly 1 material entity.
material boundary
periodical
A periodical is a publication that appears on a regular schedule.
integer scale
An integer scale of measurement is one that only specifies integer values.
replica quality is the quality of an object that is an exact copy of another object.
replica quality
drug regulatory authority
A drug regulatory authority is a regulatory authority which acts to control what substances may be used to treat individuals.
pharmacodynamic pathway
a pharmacodynamic pathay is a regulatory pathway in which a drug molecule regulates the activity of one or more components organized in a pathway.
sequence element position
A sequence element position is the position of an element of a linear sequence.
protein-protein association
A protein-protein association is an association between two proteins.
data storage device
A data storage device is a device that is capable of storing information.
despair
despair is depression, hopelessness or lack of hope.
rectangle
A rectangle is a quadrilateral in which one pair of line segments are parallel and the other pair are perpendicular to the first pair.
polar coordinate system
A polar coordinate system is a two-dimensional coordinate system in which each point on a plane is determined by a distance from a fixed point and an angle from a fixed direction.
polar is the quality of having a dipole.
polar
The spatial region occupied by the province of ontario; the spatial region occupied by a lake.
geographic region
A geographic region is a spatial region whose boundaries are typically defined against some material frame of reference (like the earth).
design specification
A design specification is a specification that provides precise and explicit information about the requirements for a product design.
z-axis
A z-axis is a Cartesian coordinate axis that is spatially oriented normal to the plane formed by the x- and y-axes.
scatterplot
scatter chart
scatter diagram
scatter graph
A scatterplot is a statistical graph which uses Cartesian coordinates to display values for two variables for a set of data. The data is displayed as a collection of points, each having the value of one variable determining the position on the horizontal axis and the value of the other variable determining the position on the vertical axis.
charged
The quality of having a charge.
surrounds
A 'surrounds' B iff the A 'contains' B and A 'is adjacent to' B or A 'is directly connected to' B.
A structural motif is a pattern in a structure formed by a spatial arrangement of objects (e.g. atoms).
structural motif
professor role
A professor role is the role of an individual that is involved in teaching of students (undergraduate and/or graduate) at a post-secondary academic institution.
A sequence is a primary structure descriptor in which each of the letters in the string represents a monomeric unit (residue) in which adjacent letters represent the connectivity between the monomeric units.
biopolymer sequence
amorphous carbon
amorphous carbon is an allotrope of carbon that does not have any crystalline structure. As with all glassy materials, some short-range order can be observed, but there is no long-range pattern of atomic positions.
major.minor[.build[.revision]]
A software version label is a version label for a piece of software.
software version label
The HGVS (human genome variation society) notation is a notation to specify a sequence variation in dna, rna, proteins, and other biomolecules.
hgvs notation
aggregated carbon nanorods
aggregate of carbon nanorods is an allotrope of carbon considered to be the least compressible material known, as measured by its isothermal bulk modulus; aggregated diamond nanorods have a modulus of 491 gigapascals (GPa), while a conventional diamond has a modulus of 442 GPa. ADNRs are also 0.3% denser than regular diamond.
publisher role
A publisher role is the role of an individual that prepares and issues creative works.
Log likelihood is the natural logarithm of the likelihood function
log likelihood
envy
envy is an emotion that occurs when a person lacks another's (perceived) superior quality, achievement or possession and wishes that the other lacked it.
darmstadtium atom
A gene-variant disease association in which a mutation in the gene/protein results in the development or maintenance of the disease.
gene-disease association linked with causal mutation
OWL ontology
An OWL ontology is an ontology as specified by the W3C OWL specification.
is time boundary of
clause
A clause consists of a subject and a predicate.
is causally related to
a is causally related to b iff there is a causal chain of events from a to b
width
width is the shorter dimensional extent perpendicular to a 2D projection of the object.
Disgust is a feeling of revulsion or profound disapproval aroused by something unpleasant or offensive.
disgust
A pathway is an effective specification that outlines a set of actions that forms a way to achieve an objective.
pathway
replicate
a replicate is an object that is a facsimile, reproduction, or copy of another item.
increase in number of objects produced
An increase in the number of objects produced is the positive value of a difference in number of objects produced.
ongoing is the status of a process that is not yet complete.
ongoing
chemical structure is the structure of a chemical entity in terms of its molecular geometry and electronic structure.
chemical structure
The positive nucleic acid strand refers to the strand that is to be read 5' to 3'.
positive nucleic acid strand
forward strand
A mature RNA is a ribonucleic acid that contains an untranslated region (UTR) and protein coding sequence and lacks introns.
mature mRNA
angst
angst is the intense feeling of apprehension, anxiety or inner turmoil.
binding site
A binding site is a molecular site which when occupied with particular ligands leads to structural transformations that initiatiate new moelcular processes.
negative nucleic acid strand
The negative nucleic acid strand is the strand that is that is complimentary to the forward strand and appears from 3' to 5'.
reverse strand
is quality of
is quality of is a relation between a quality and the entity that it is a property of.
The quality of having a charge that is not a full multiple of 1 unit charge.
partial charge
is boundary of is a mereological relation between a boundary located at the periphery of a whole.
is boundary of
an edge is a line connecting two graph vertices.
edge
happiness is an emotion characterized by positive or pleasant emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy.
happiness
maternally transmitted
maternally transmitted is the quality of a biological organism in which the (genetic) material is transmitted from the maternal line.
to serve as a host
to serve as host is the capability to act in a manner that provides hospitality, serves to harbour an organism in or on itself.
A symbol is a proposition about what an entity represents.
symbol
A homocyclic ring is a ring where the atoms are of a single type.
homocyclic ring
A ligand is a molecule that is part of a complex by weakly interacting with another molecule.
ligand
radon atom
A specification for spatial location is an effective specification towards representation spatial position or spatial data.
spatial specification
biological reproduction is the biological process by which one or more biological organisms are produced from their "parents".
biological reproduction
A top value axis is a value axis that is spatially positioned to the top of the plot area.
top value axis
toxin role
A toxin role is a toxic role of a chemical substance that is poisonous and is produced by an organism.
primer
A primer is a nucleic acid that enables the synthesis of a complement strand of DNA by binding to it and acting as a point of transcription initiation.
A is connected to B iff there exists a fiat, material or temporal path between A and B. [S][T]
interacts with
is connected to
information translation
is last part of
is last part of is a proper part relation in which the part is the last of a set of linearly ordered parts resulting from the projection of the whole on a linear coordinate system.
assay
bioassay
An assay is an investigative (analytic) procedure in laboratory medicine, pharmacology, environmental biology, and molecular biology for qualitatively assessing or quantitatively measuring the presence or amount or the functional activity of a target entity (the analyte) which can be a drug or biochemical substance or a cell in an organism or organic sample.
SNV
SNP
single nucleotide variation
single nucleotide polymorphism
a single nucleotide variation (SNV) is a nucleotide residue that is a variant compared to some reference nucleic acid sequence.
A catalog is a systemic collection of items of the same type.
registry
catalog
homozygous is the quality of a biological organism in which there are two identical alleles at a given locus.
homozygous
A Gantt chart is a bar chart that illustrates a project schedule.
Gantt chart
biological quality
A biological quality is a quality held by a biological entity.
A start point is a terminal point which is the first of an ordered pair of points.
start point
A linear position is the position of some object against a linear positioning system.
linear position
A nostril; the interior of the heart valve; the interior of a bottle.
A site is a spatial region bounded (in part or in whole) by material entities and may be occupied by material entities.
site
polypeptide sequence
amino acid sequence
A protein sequence is a symbolic sequence of amino acid residues in a protein or class of proteins.
protein sequence
boredom
boredom is the emotion experience by those not interested in their surroundings or available activities.
software method
A software method (also called subroutine, subprogram, procedure, method, function, or routine) is software designed to execute a specific task.
unique cell
A unique cell is a cell that contains a unique value in the cellular automaton.
reactant role
The role of a chemical entity present at the beginning of a chemical reaction.
A set is a collection of entities, for which there may be zero members.
set
erbium atom
mereological chart
A mereological chart is a chart that illustrates the parts in the context of the whole.
is represented by
is represented by: a relation between an entity and some symbol.
A linear value axis is a value axis that corresponds to a scaling factor of 1 of the value range.
linear value axis
justification
A justification is a proposition that defends, explains or excuses some argument.
weak
weak is a qualitative intensity value that is more intense than none, but less intense than mild.
satisfaction is an emotion of fulfillment of one's wishes, expectations, or needs, or the pleasure derived from this.
satisfaction is the emotion of fulfillling one's wishes, expectations, or needs.
satisfaction
brand name
A brand name is a trademarked and marketed name of a product.
document
A document is a bounded physical or digital representation of a body of information designed with the capacity (and usually intent) to communicate.
the date at which an information content entity was made public.
date of issue
An assertion ovopub is an ovopub that contains and links to an assertion subgraph with one or more statements that may be true or false, as well as statements describing its provenance.
assertion ovopub
always
always indicates that the event occurs at all times.
molecular structure descriptor
molecular structure descriptor is data that describes some aspect of the molecular structure (composition) and is about some chemical entity.
non-protein coding RNA (ncRNA)
A non-protein coding RNA (ncRNA) is a RNA molecular that cannot be used as a template for generating a protein product.
to immobilize
to immobilize is the capability to contain an entity in such a way that it may not move in space.
activator role
The role of a chemical entity that increases the rate of reaction.
predicting is the process of formulating a proposition about a state of affairs which might be realized in the future.
predicting
RNA sequence
ribonucleic acid sequence
A ribonucleic acid sequence is a symbolic sequence of ribonucleic acid residues in a ribonucleic acid.
excellent quality
suicidal is the emotion of being deeply unhappy or depressed with thoughts of killing one's self.
suicidal
A document section is a component of a document.
document section
solvent
A solvent is a substance that can dissolve other substances (solutes).
diffusion
diffusion is motion of particles at temperatures above absolute zero.
matrix
rank 2 tensor
a matrix is a rank 2 tensor. It is represented as a rectangular array or table of numbers, symbols, or expressions arranged in rows and columns.
process model
A process model is a representation of some process.
is start time of
is referenced by
is reference for is a relation between a document that provides information about an entity.
A millenium is a period of 1000 years
millennium
has first part
has first part is a proper part relation in which the part is the first of a set of linearly ordered parts resulting from the projection of the whole on a linear coordinate system.
reagent
A reagent is a substance that is added to a system in order to bring about a chemical reaction, or added to see if a reaction occurs.
software module
A software module is software composed of a collection of software methods.
An audio recording is an electrical or mechanical inscription and re-creation of sound waves, such as spoken voice, singing, instrumental music, or sound effects.
audio recording
remorse is an emotion of personal regret felt by a person after he or she has committed an act which they deem to be shameful, hurtful, or violent.
remorse
material entity
A material entity is a physical entity that is spatially extended, exists as a whole at any point in time and has mass.
A signal transducer is a molecule that responds to and amplifies a signal in a signalling system.
signal transducer
procedure
A procedure is a process that attempts to achieve one or more objectives by following an established set of actions.
californium atom
phosphorus atom
mixture
chemical substance
A chemical substance is a chemical entity composed of two or more weakly (non-covalently) interacting chemical entities.
vanadium atom
differential diagnosis
A differential diagnosis (sometimes abbreviated DDx, ddx, DD, D/Dx, or ΔΔ) is a systematic diagnostic method used to identify the presence of an entity where multiple alternatives are possible (and the process may be termed differential diagnostic procedure), and may also refer to any of the included candidate alternatives (which may also be termed candidate condition).
regret
regret is a feeling of sadness, repentance, or disappointment over something that has happened or been done.
transforms into
lithium atom
An insertion variant role is the role of an sequence that contains a sub-sequence that is considered to be an addition relative to the frame of reference.
insertion variant role
regulation of a process spatial extent is a process that modulates the spatial extent of another process relative to some reference process.
regulation of process spatial extent
heating the solution causes greater diffusion of a chemical.
chromosome
A chromosome is a molecular complex of circular or linear DNA and bound proteins.
A decomposition reaction is an inorganic reaction in which molecule is fragmented into submolecules or atoms.
decomposition reaction
software execution
software execution is the process of executing software on a computing device.
An administrative role is the role of an individual that performs administrative tasks for some organization.
administrative role
parameterized data transformation
A parameterized data transformation is a data transformation whose behaviour may be modified by one or more parameters.
A variable is a value that may change within the scope of a given problem or set of operations.
variable
uncertainty value
The uncertainty value (margin of error) of a measurement is a range of values likely to enclose the true value.
A percentile (or a centile) is a quantile that divides the given probability distribution, or sample, into 100 equal-sized intervals.
percentile
An honor's thesis is a thesis prepared as a requirement for an honor's undergraduate degree.
honor's thesis
A microarray probe set identifier is an identifier for a set of probe pairs selected to represent expressed sequences on an array.
microarray probe set identifier
A description is language entity in which elements of a language (formal or natural) are used to characterize an entity.
description
is disputed by
has disputing evidence is a relation between a proposition and something that disputes (does not directly support) the truth of the assertion.
to consume is the capability to internalize a material entity.
to consume
is manifested as is a relation between an expression and its manifestations.
the english language version of 'war of the worlds' is manifested as a collection of english language versions of the book.
is manifested as
Language is a language entity which is the result of encoding and decoding information through systematic creation and usage of systems of symbols, each pairing a specific sign with an intended meaning, established through social conventions
language
decrease in number of objects produced
An decrease in the number of objects produced is the negative value of a difference in number of objects produced.
placebo
A placebo is a medically ineffectual treatment for a medical condition intended to deceive the recipient.
to store is the capability to place an object into a medium in which it can be retrieved in the future.
to store
physical entity identifier
A physical entity identifier is an identifier for a physical entity.
to serve as a template for DNA synthesis is the capability of a chemical entity to provide the necessary information or scaffold by which a DNA molecule may be produced.
to serve as a template for DNA synthesis
A blog is a publication accessible at some website and is typically about various experiences.
blog
panic
Panic is a sudden emotion of fear which is so strong as to dominate or prevent reason and logical thinking, replacing it with overwhelming feelings of anxiety and frantic agitation consistent with an animalistic fight-or-flight reaction.
to inject is the capability to administer a substance into some object through its external barrier.
to inject
A start date is a time instant pertaining to the date of the beginning of a process.
start date
molecular complex
A molecular complex is a chemical complex composed of at least one weakly interacting molecule.
is first part of
is first part of is a proper part relation in which the part is the first of a set of linearly ordered parts resulting from the projection of the whole on a linear coordinate system.
to oxidize is the capability to remove an electron or an increase in oxidation state of a chemical entity.
to oxidize
ytterbium atom
to change spatially
to change spatially is the capability to affect the physical movement of some entity.
y cartesian coordinate
An y cartesian coordinate is the coordinate of an object onto the y-axis of a cartesian coordinate system.
van der Waals' interaction is an a weak submolecular interaction between an instantaneous dipole and induced dipole.
van der Waals interaction
has implementation
has implementation is a relation between a specification and an implementation that conforms to it.
has attribute is a relation that associates a entity with an attribute where an attribute is an intrinsic characteristic such as a quality, capability, disposition, function, or is an externally derived attribute determined from some descriptor (e.g. a quantity, position, label/identifier) either directly or indirectly through generalization of entities of the same type.
has attribute
A gene promoter is a region of DNA that initiates transcription of a particular gene.
gene promoter
drug drug interaction
A drug-drug interaction is an interaction in which two drugs interact in such a way to produce a non-additive biological response.
fullerene
fullerene is a carbon allotrope which take the form of a hollow sphere, ellipsoid, or tube.
severe is a qualitative intensity value that is more intense than strong, but less intense than fatal.
severe
disappointment is the feeling of dissatisfaction that follows the failure of expectations or hopes to manifest.
disappointment
A polyhedral surface is composed of polygonal faces.
polyhedral surface
curiosity is the strong desire to know or learn something.
curiosity
is spatiotemporally related to
A is spatiotemporally related to B iff A is in the spatial or temporal vicinity of B
poor quality
A pharmaceutical preparation is a chemical substance that is approved for use in the medical diagnosis, cure, treatment, or prevention of disease.
pharmaceutical drug
A synonym is a word with the same or very similar meanings.
synonym
has unique identifier is an inverse functional relation between an entity and an identifier that uniquely identifies it.
has unique identifier
an ordered list item is an item in an ordered list.
ordered list item
medical health record
A medical health record is a record of a single patient's medical history.
A gene-disease association in which the gene is included in a chromosomal rearrangement associated with a particular manifestation of the disease.
gene-disease association linked with chromosomal rearrangement
is phenotype of is a relation between an observable/measurable characteristic and an object.
is phenotype of
to ingest
to ingest is the capability to take into the body by the mouth for digestion or absorption.
isomer
An isomer is a molecule that is compositionally identical to another molecule as a result of a different atomic connectivity.
osmosis
osmosis is the movement of water molecules through a selectively-permeable membrane down a water potential gradient.
coordinate system
A coordinate system is a specification for spatial location that uses a set of numbers, or coordinates, to uniquely determine the position of a point or other geometric element.
metabolism
Metabolism is the set of chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.
to fluoresce
to fluoresce is to emit light as a result of absorbing light or other electromagnetic radiation.
is subject of
function
A function is a capability that satisfies some agentive objective, or (evolutionary) optimization.
to magnify
to magnify is the capability to increase the appearance of the size of an object.
sum
A sum is the result of adding a set of values together.
A century is a period of one hundred years.
century
A SADI web service invocation is the excution of a SADI web service.
SADI web service invocation
post-translational modification
a post-translational modification is a part of a protein that was added, removed, or modified as a result of a chemical reaction after synthesis.
A collection of points is a geometric entity that contains a non-zero set of geometric points.
collection of points
A database is a set of tables.
database
pseudogene
A pseudo gene is a region of a nucleic acid that either cannot be transcribed, or its RNA transcript cannot be translated.
A positional role is an abstract role which holds by comparing position to another object of reference.
positional role
The value of a plotted geometric objects (e.g. point) can be obtained from the perpendicular projection of the position of the object onto the axis. Axis may also be associated with a textual description of what the values on the axis represents.
An axis is a line segment that is part of a statistical graph in which the position along the line corresponds to a numeric or categorical value.
axis
The left vertical and bottom horizontal lines with tickmarks in Graph 1 http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm
has identifier
a relation between an entity and an identifier.
A vertext normal is the normalized average of the surface normals of the faces that contain that vertex.
vertex normal
helium atom
A is prior version of B iff A is a variant of B and B derives from A.
is prior version of
has output
has output is a relation between an process and an entity, where the entity is present at the end of the process.
A t-statistic is a ratio of the departure of an estimated parameter from its notional value and its standard error.
t-statistic
professor
A professor is an individual that is a scholarly teacher.
A tertiary structure descriptor describes 3D topological patterns in a biopolymer.
tertiary structure descriptor
iodine atom
A correspondence section is a document section that contains the details for contacting the corresponding author.
correspondence section
A figure part is a part of a figure.
figure part
is preceded by
referent cell
A referent cell is a cell that is the referent of some function or pointer.
hassium atom
annotation
An annotation is a written explanatory or critical description, or other in-context information (e.g., pattern, motif, link), that has been associated with data or other types of information.
A non-transitive temporal relation in which one process is immediately preceded by another process, such that there is no interval of time between the two processes.
is immediately preceded by
gene-disease association linked with modifying mutation
A gene-disease association in which a gene mutation is known to modify the clinical presentation of the disease.
A base pair is a weak molecular interaction composed of hydrogen bonds between nucleobases.
base pair
to decrease the rate of formation is to regulate the rate of formation in a manner that decreases this rate relative to a reference process.
to decrease the rate of formation
is dissimilar to
is dissimilar to is a relation between two entities in which one is considered dissimilar to the other based on some criteria.
A stop codon (or termination codon) is a nucleotide triplet within messenger RNA that signals a termination of translation.
stop codon
is trigger for
regulates
x regulates y if and only if x is a process and y is either a process or a quality, and the progression of x exerts an effect on the frequency, rate or extent of y
A base stack is a stabilizing interaction of DNA and RNA between spatially adjacent nucleotides and possibly involving London dispersion, hydrophobic and electrostatic forces.
base stack
An amino acid polymer submolecule is a submolecule of an amino acid polymer.
amino acid polymer submolecule
pattern
A pattern is a generalized representation of some repeatable concrete or informational item.
regulation of object production
regulation of a participant quantity is the regulation of a process in which the quantity of a selected participant is increased.
In a controlled observational cohort study, two groups of subjects are selected from two populations that are thought to differ in only one characteristic. The groups of subjects are studied for a specific period and contrasted at the end of the study period.
controlled observational cohort study
organic polymer
An organic polymer is an organic molecule composed of connected set of monomeric units.
A negative charge is a charge where the value is negative.
negative charge
to modify conformation of
to modify conformation of is to affect the spatial arrangement of an entity.
A gene is part of a nucleic acid that contains all the necessary elements to encode a functional transcript.
gene
publishing role
A publishing role is the role of an individual that is involved in the preparation and issue of creative works for consumption by a wider audience.
An end position is the distal position of an object relative to an origin in a linear system.
end position
A bill is proposed legislation under consideration by a legislature.
bill
A drop line is a statistical graph line that vertically or horizontally connects a data series line with a value axis in a statistical graph.
drop line
hermaphrodite is a biological sex of an individual with both male and female sexual organs.
hermaphrodite
secondary structure descriptor
A secondary structure descriptor describes local topological patterns in a biopolymer.
measurement
measuring is the process of determining the size, amount, or degree of (something) by using an instrument or device marked in standard units
measuring
social entity
A social entity pertains to the interaction among individuals and groups.
is greater than or equal to
is greater than or equal to is a comparison relation between two quantities in which the first has a value larger or equal to the second.
has quality
has quality is a relation between an entity and the quality that it bears.
is weakly interacting with is a symmetric relation between two molecular entities (or any part thereof) that are interacting through some weak force (van der waals, hydrogen bonds, electrostatic interactions)
is weakly interacting with (transitive)
decreasing line
An decreasing line is a line segment in which the startpoint and endpoint are ordered along one dimension and the difference of values in a second dimension is negative.
poison
A poison is a drug that is harzardous or toxic to an organism when ingested at a certain quantity.
is concretization of
A is concretization of B iff A is a quality of a material entity and B is an informational entity.
specialized object
hope
hope is an emotion of belief in a positive outcome related to events and circumstances in one's life.
nurse role
A nurse role is the role of an individual that is involved in the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations.
A non-polar addition reaction is an addition reaction involving non-polar residues.
non-polar addition reaction
A Cartesian coordinate system specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances from the point to two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length.
cartesian coordinate system
gesturing is a form of non-verbal communication in which visible bodily actions communicate particular messages, either in place of speech or together and in parallel with spoken words. Gestures include movement of the hands, face, or other parts of the body.
gesturing
differential equation
A differential equation is a mathematical equation for an unknown function of one or several variables that relates the values of the function itself and its derivatives of various orders.
life status
life status is the quality of whether something is alive or dead.
apathy is an emotion characterized by lack of interest, enthusiasm, or concern.
apathy
chemical synthesis
chemical synthesis is synthesis of a chemical entity from physical precursors through one or more chemical interactions or reactions.
product
passive movement is the process in which an object is spatially displaced without an expenditure of energy contained in molecular bonds.
passive movement
has participant is a relation that describes the participation of the object in the (processual) subject.
has participant
A covalent bond is a strong submolecular interaction between atoms.
covalent bond
An organic submolecule is connected region of a molecule.
organic submolecule
An academic role is a social role that pertains to the academic institution.
academic role
A molecular structure file is a file that contains a description of molecular structure.
molecular structure file
calcium atom
gene-gene association
A gene-gene association is an association between two genes.
process down-regulation is a process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of one or more processes in relation to a reference state.
process down-regulation
negative regulation
indecision is the emotion of being unable to choose between two or more possible courses of action.
indecision
draft is the quality of text that has not yet complete.
draft
A biologic, also known as a biologic medical product, biological, or biopharmaceutical, is any pharmaceutical drug product manufactured in, extracted from, or semisynthesized from biological sources.
biologic
is located in
A is located in B iff the spatialtemporial region occupied by A is part of the spatialtemporal region occupied by B. [T][R]
A parasite in the interior of a person's intestine is located in their intestinal lumen.
has frequency is a relation that specifies the occurence of an object or event
has frequency
biochemical inhibition is a molecular interaction that decreases the catalytic rate of the target enzyme.
biochemical inhibition
A carbon allotrope is a chemical substance composed of carbon.
carbon allotrope
has substrate
has substrate is a relation between a process and an object where the object is destroyed by its participation in the process.
manual
A manual is a document that instructs on the usage of a device.
straight
straight is a quality of a bearer that is free of curves, bends, or angles.
is positionally before
is positionally before is a relation between entities placed on a dimensional axis in which the projection of the position of the first entity is numerically less than the projection of the position of the second entity.
full disagreement
full agreement is the result of consensus decision making when members of the group unanimously disagree.
mass spectrometer
A mass spectrometer is a device that identifies ions based on their mass to charge ratio using an electromagnetic field.
is ordered part of
is ordered part of is a proper part relation in which the part is one of a set of linearly ordered parts resulting from the projection of the whole on a linear coordinate system.
A submolecule is any part of a molecule.
submolecule
nickel atom
imaginary
the quality of existing only in the imagination. it can be used to describe concepts, ideas, or things that are the product of a cognitive process.
a little quantifier
An mRNA splice variant is an mRNA molecule that varies from another mRNA molecule of the same gene origin but having a different final sequence due to differences in its assembly from splice sites.
mRNA splice variant
text span end position
text span end position is the position (offset) of the last character of a text span in relation the text it is from.
worry is the emotion characterized by concer over a real or imaginary issue.
worry
has phenotype is a relation between an object and an observable/measurable characteristic.
has phenotype
to be electronically modified is the capability of a chemical entity to have electrons added or removed.
to be electronically modified
academic department
An academic department is a division of a university or school faculty devoted to a particular academic discipline.
radio receiver
A radio receiver is a communication device that receives its input from an antenna, uses electronic filters to separate a wanted radio signal from all other signals picked up by this antenna, amplifies it to a level suitable for further processing, and finally converts through demodulation and decoding the signal into a form usable for the consumer, such as sound, pictures, digital data, measurement values, navigational positions.
arousal is an emotion characterized by state of reactive to stimuli. It involves the activation of the reticular activating system in the brain stem, the autonomic nervous system and the endocrine system, leading to increased heart rate and blood pressure and a condition of sensory alertness, mobility and readiness to respond.
arousal
A messenger RNA is a ribonucleic acid that contains an untranslated region (UTR) and protein coding sequence and lacks introns.
messenger RNA
A ray is a line which that is bounded by a startpoint and extends outwards infinitely along one dimension.
ray
A specification of an object, manifested by an agent, intended to accomplish goals, in a particular environment, using a set of primitive components, satisfying a set of requirements, subject to constraints.
design
molecule
A molecule is a single chemical entity composed of fully covalently bonded atoms.
left closed interval
a left closed interval is an interval in which there is a real number that is smaller than all its elements.
A citation is a textual entity which denotes a source described in the bibliography or reference section of a document.
citation
sodium atom
to be interacted with
to be interacted with is the capability of an object to be target of a physical interaction.
A time instant is a temporal region which occurs instantaneously, e.g. having no duration.
time instant
at this moment; the moment at which a finger is detached in an industrial accident; the moment at which a child is born; the moment of death
A peer reviewed article is an article that has undergone peer-review and deemed acceptable for publication.
peer reviewed article
A social role is a role that is ascribed to individuals in a community.
social role
sulfur atom
A province is a territorial unit, almost always an administrative division, within a country or state.
province
A name is a label used to identify an entity.
name
is provider of
is provider of is a relation between a source and the entity it makes available.
intensity
intensity is a quality that represents the strength or degree of something.
A secondary title is a title of lesser importance that should be used after the first title in describing some entity.
secondary title
Humiliation is the abasement of pride, which creates mortification or leads to a state of being humbled or reduced to lowliness or submission.
humiliation
informational entity identifier
An informational entity identifier is an identifier for an informational entity.
gene-disease association linked with post-translational modification
methylation or phosphorylation of protein product
A gene-disease association in which the disease phenotype is associated with post-translational modifications in the protein product.
deoxyribonucleic acid
A deoxyribonucleic acid is an organic polymer composed of a sequence of deoxyribonucleotide residues.
finalized
finalized is the quality of a textual entity that is in its final form.
A nucleic acid sequence is a symbolic sequence of nucleic acid residues in a nucleic acid.
nucleic acid sequence
female is a biological sex of an individual with female sexual organs.
female
data analysis is a process of inspecting, cleaning, transforming, and modeling data with the goal of highlighting useful information, suggesting conclusions, and supporting decision making.
data analysis
article
An article is a publication that is stand-alone section of a larger work.
scalar
a scalar is a rank 0 tensor and is an element of a field that is used to define a vector space.
rank 0 tensor
has last part
has last part is a proper part relation in which the part is the last of a set of linearly ordered parts resulting from the projection of the whole on a linear coordinate system.
web service
A web service is a software application that can be accessed over a network, such as the Internet, and executed on a remote system hosting the requested services.
mostly quantifier
The category axis that corresponds to months in Graph 1 of http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm
A secondary category axis is a category axis that defines a finer granular part (or subset) of the value range of the primary category axis.
secondary category axis
praseodymium atom
tissue
A tissue is a mereologically maximal collection of cells that together perform some function.
history is a sequence of past events.
history
An acid is a molecular entity in solution capable of donating a hydron (Bronsted acid) or capable of forming a covalent bond with an electron pair (Lewis acid).
acid
to ionize
to ionize is the capability to physically convert an atom or molecule into an ion by adding or removing charged particles such as electrons or other ions.
tin atom
dying
dying is a process in which a biological entity ceases to exist.
A gene that is located on RNA.
rna gene
5' untranslated region
The five prime untranslated region (5' UTR) is a section of messenger RNA (mRNA) and the DNA that codes for it that starts at the +1 position (where transcription begins) and ends one nucleotide before the start codon (usually AUG) of the coding region.
label
a label is a term that is associated with some entity
neodymium atom
molybdemum atom
toxic role
A toxic role is the role of a chemical substance that is poisonous.
a duplicate role is a comparative role that holds when one item is an exact copy of another in a specific set.
duplicate role
file
A file is an information-bearing object that contains a physical embodiment of some information using a particular character encoding.
Graphs 6,7 in http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm
A stacked bar graph is a bar graph in which each rectangular bar is partioned by the categorical value of each series of data.
stacked bar graph
electronic structure is the electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule (or other physical structure) in atomic or molecular orbitals.
the electron configuration of the neon atom is 1s2 2s2 2p6.
electronic structure
krypton atom
to serve as
to serve as is the capability to act in a manner corresponding to some role.
A start time is a time instant pertaining to the time at which a process begins.
start time
lutetium atom
node
a node or vertex is a point in a graph.
vertex
strontium atom
exact cross-reference
An exact cross-reference is a database cross-reference in which one entity is equivalent to the other based on all the entitie's attributes (minus the source).
homogeneous
homogeneous is a quality that describes the uniform composition of an object.
work phone number
a work phone number is the number to connect to an phone at a place of work.
The ordinal position of a character in a sequence of characters.
character position
to lose a covalent bond is the capability of a chemical entity to have bonds removed.
to lose a covalent bond
deoxyribonucleic acid template
A deoxyribonucleic acid template is a deoxyribonucleic acid that provides the template to synthesize a complementary strand of DNA through transcription.
The surface area of a is a measure of the total area that the surface of the object occupies.
surface area
regulation of process frequency
regulation of a process duration is a process that modulates the frequency of another process relative to some reference process.
is proper part of is an asymmetric, irreflexive (normally transitive) relation between a part and its distinct whole.
is proper part of
isomerization reaction
An isomerization reaction is a chemical reaction in which a molecule is converted into its isomer.
decreased
A quality that has a value that is decreased compared to normal or average.
to reduce energy is the capability to remove energy from a source.
to reduce energy
A vertical line is a line that is positionally oriented perpendicular to the horizon.
vertical line
has annotation is a relation between an entity and some textual anntotation.
was annotated with
is annotated with
document x is annotated with the keywords 'ontology','semantic web'
has annotation
A microRNA (abbreviated miRNA) is a small non-coding RNA molecule (containing about 22 nucleotides) found in plants, animals and some viruses, that functions in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression.
miRNA
microRNA (miRNA)
displacement reaction
A displacement reaction is an inorganic reaction in which a elementary substance displaces and sets free a constituent atom from a molecule.
catalyzed reaction
A catalyzed reaction is a chemical reaction that is facilitated by a catalyst.
A union is a list of all of the values of an attribute for the entities in the defined set.
union
An acknowledgements section is a document section that identifies individuals, groups or organizations for their support in the development of the work.
acknowledgements section
antiport enabled secondary active transport is a secondary active transfort in which both ion and molecule are transported in opposite directions simultaneously.
antiport enabled secondary active transport
cell (informational)
The minimal unit of a cellular automaton that can change state and has an associated behavior.
positive charge
A positive charge is a charge where the value is positive.
A molecular entity role is a chemical entity role held by a molecule.
molecular entity role
to be modified is the capability to be actively interacted with in such a way that it leads to a physical reconfiguration.
to be modified
A student is an individual who is attends an educational institution.
student
An author section is a document section that lists the contributing authors.
author section
surprise is a brief emotion experienced as the result of an unexpected event.
surprise
in relation from
a in relation from b is a comparative relation in a is the object of reference in a relation with b.
dendrogram
A dendrogram is a tree diagram used to illustrate the arrangement of the clusters produced by hierarchical clustering.
An RNA transcript component is a region of an RNA transcript.
RNA transcript component
unutrium atom
male is a biological sex of an individual with male sexual organs.
male
generation number
generation number is a count of the number of biological reproduction events elapsed from some starting reference point.
A binary compound is a mereological maximum sum of two kinds of weakly connected entities.
binary compound
is subsequent version of
A is subsequent version of B iff A is a variant of B and A derives from B.
glucose is a target in the hexokinase-mediated conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate.
is target in
is target in is a relation between an entity and a process, where the entity is present at the beginning of the process and undergoes a change or transformation in the process.
represents
a represents b when a serves as a sign, symbol or model of b.
An end date is a time instant pertaining to date of the end of a process.
end date
A stack graph is a statistical graph which presents multiple series in which the distance between one series and another indicates the relative contribution to the total for any x-value.
stack graph
A date of database submission refers to the moment in time in which some information was submitted/received to a database system.
date of database submission
resentment
resentment is disgust directed toward a higher status individual.
A dataset is a data item that is a collection of data items.
data set
dataset
primary active transport, also called direct active transport, directly uses energy to transport molecules across a membrane.
primary active transport
structural quality
A structural quality is a quality of an object that describes its structure.
A is narrower than B iff the meaning of term A is narrower in scope than the meaning of term B
is narrower than
database cross-reference
A database cross-reference is an association between one data item and another.
selenium atom
single bond
A single bond is a covalent bond between a pair of atoms in which one pair of electrons are shared.
standard deviation
A standard deviation (represented by the symbol σ) is the quantity of variation from the average (mean, or expected value).
translation
translation is the process of producing a polypeptide from a ribonucleic acid by a ribosome.
secondary graph title
A secondary graph title is a secondary title that describes a statistical graph.
is supported by is a relation between a proposition and something that supports the truth of the assertion.
is supported by
Embarrassment is the emotion of intense discomfort with oneself, experienced upon having a socially unacceptable act or condition witnessed by or revealed to other.
embarassment
A verbal language entity is a language entity that is manifested through sound.
verbal language entity
cites
cites is a relation to refer to by way of example, authority or proof.
to be recorded is the capability of an object to be observed in such a way that information about it can be transcribed in a specified format on some physical medium.
to be recorded
process status
process status is a process quality that describes the state of a process.
existence quality is the quality of an entity that describe in what environment it is known to exist.
existence quality
to be passively interacted with
to be passively interacted with is the capability of an object to be observed.
A deoxyribonucleic acid sequence is a symbolic sequence of deoxyribonucleic acid residues in a deoxyribonucleic acid.
DNA sequence
deoxyribonucleic acid sequence
is numerically comparable to is a comparison relation between two quantities whose datatype value can be compared.
is numerically comparable to
software entity
A software entity is a computational entity that can be interpreted by or directly executed by a processing unit.
An intervention group is a group of individuals that are subject to an intervention.
intervention group
A polygon is a planar entity that is bounded by a closed path or circuit, composed of a finite connected sequence3 of straight line segments.
polygon
to extract is the capability to remove certain entities based on selected attribute(s) while allowing other entities to remain.
to extract
A relation between a informational entity and its actual value (numeric, date, text, etc).
has value
to conformationally inhibit
to conformationally inhibit is to modify the conformation of an entity in such a way that it functionally is reduced or inhibited.
allele
An allele is one of a set of sequence variants of a gene.
a fax number is a number to connect to fax device
fax number
syndrome
A syndrome is composed of a set of several clinically recognizable features, signs (observed by someone other than the patient), symptoms (reported by the patient), phenomena or characteristics that often occur together.
surface normal
A surface normal is a vector that is perpendicular to a flat surface.
magazine
A magazine is a periodical that typically contains essays, stories, poems, etc., by many writers, and often photographs and drawings, frequently specializing in a particular subject or area, as hobbies, news, or sports.
to disassociate is to cease or break association with some thing.
to disassociate
is generalization of
is generalization of is a relation between a more general instance (in terms of spatial/temporal localization & other attributres) than the other.
scientific data is data obtained from some scientific procedure.
scientific data
has agent is a relation between a process and an entity, where the entity is present throughout the process and is a causal participant in the process.
has agent
social structure
A social structure is a social entity which consists of relationships between two or more entities.
increased object production from increased regulation
increased regulation leads to an increase in the number of target objects of a specified type.
evidence is the body of facts or information indicating whether a belief or proposition is true or valid.
evidence
communicating is the process of conveying information through the exchange of thoughts, messages, or information, as by speech, visuals, signals, writing, or behaviour.
communicating
target
discussion section
The discussion section is a document section containing a summary of the findings, a reflection on the significance of findings, comparison with related work, among others.
vowel
A vowel is a verbal entity of language that is pronounced with an open vocal tract so that there is no build-up of air pressure at any point above the glottis.
very dissatisfied qualifier
A molecular identifier is an identifier for a molecular entity.
molecular identifier
to assemble is the capability to combine entities together into a larger object that persists in time.
to assemble
host role
The role of an organism in providing resources to maintain the survival and/or reproduction of another organism.
apprehension is the negative emotion that something unpleasant will occur.
apprehension
A dipole-dipole interaction is a weak submolecular interaction between strongly electronegative atoms.
dipole-dipole interaction
is causally related with
A transitive, symmetric, temporal relation in which one entity is causally related with another non-identical entity.
has trigger is a relation between a realizable and the factor that causes it to be realized.
has trigger
to be examined is the capability of an object to be observed in a detailed manner.
to be examined
decreased molecular production from decreased regulation
A process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of process involved in the production of a molecule as a result of decreased regulation.
A homonym is a word that sounds the same but has different meaning.
homonym
sadness is emotional pain associated with, or characterized by feelings of disadvantage, loss, despair, helplessness, sorrow, and rage.
sadness
beryllium atom
quality
A quality is an attribute that is intrinsically associated with its bearer (or its parts), but whose presence/absence and observed/measured value may vary.
homozygous is the quality of a biological organism in which there are two different alleles at a given locus.
heterozygous
references
references is a relation between one entity and the entity that it makes reference to by name, but is not described by it.
planned
planned is a process status for a process that has not yet started, but is referred to in a plan.
toxic is the quality of a substance imparing the normal functioning of a system.
toxic
study
A study is a process that realizes the steps of a study design.
is data item in
'is data item in' is a relation between an entity that is described or referenced in a dataset.
dose
A dose is the quantity of a chemical substance administered to a biological system.
global minimal stationary point
A global minimum data point is a data point that corresponds to a measurement value is smaller than that of all other plotted datapoints.
descriptor
A descriptor (index term, subject term, subject heading) is a term that captures the essence of the topic of a document.
receptor
A receptor molecule is a molecule that has the capability to bind to a signal and propogate a response to that signal.
to be transported
to be transported is the disposition to undergo motion.
polygon vertex
A polygon vertex is a terminal point at which two polygon edges meet and are part of a polygon.
A formal specification is a mathematical description of software or hardware that may be used to develop an implementation.
formal specification
maintenance of duration of process
maintenance of duration of process is a process that regulates a target process to maintain its duration within an expected interval.
interest
interest is the emotion of wanting to know or learn about something or someone.
messenger
A mesenger is a molecule involved in either signal detection or signal propagation from receptors on the cell surface to target molecules inside the cell, in the cytoplasm or nucleus.
increased molecular degradation from increased regulation
A process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of process involved in the destruction of a molecule as a result of increased regulation.
an ingredient is a chemical substance that forms part of a mixture.
ingredient
A boxplot (box-and-whisker diagram) is a convenient way of graphically depicting groups of numerical data through their five-number summaries: the smallest observation (sample minimum), lower quartile (Q1), median (Q2), upper quartile (Q3), and largest observation (sample maximum).
boxplot
A deductive argument is an argument that asserts that the truth of the conclusion is a logical consequence of the premises.
deductive argument
XOR, also called exclusive disjunction or (symbolized XOR, EOR, EXOR, or ⊕), is a type of logical disjunction on two operands that results in a value of true if exactly one of the operands has a value of true.
exclusive disjunction (xor)
A gene-disease association in which the gene/protein is involved in the etiology or maintenance of the disease.
gene-disease biomarker association
A city is a relatively large and permanent settlement.
city
unit of measurement
A unit of measurement is a definite magnitude of a physical quantity, defined and adopted by convention and/or by law, that is used as a standard for measurement of the same physical quantity.
chemical effect
A chemical effect is a chemical interaction in which a chemical elicits a marked characteristic of a biological system.
An algorithm is an effective method expressed as a finite list of well-defined instructions for calculating a function.
algorithm
is end time of
hunger
molecular complex formation
molecular complex formation is the process of forming a molecular complex from its constituent parts.
mutual disposition
A mutual disposition is a disposition that simulataneously invokes another disposition when realized.
curvature is a quality of a bearer that relates to the presence of curves, bends, or angles.
curvature
depression
depression is an unpleasant emotion linked to aversion to activity that can affect a person's thoughts, behavior, feelings and physical well-being. Depressed individuals may feel sad, anxious, empty, hopeless, worried, helpless, worthless, guilty, irritable, or restless.
is regulated by
A book volume is a book that is part of a collection.
book volume
A symbolic sequence is a data item that encodes a finite, ordered list of symbols drawn from a specified alphabet, where the identity and position of each symbol are essential to the meaning of the sequence.
symbolic sequence
A patent is an information entity granted by a patent issuing authority which confers upon the patenter the sole right to make, use and sell an invention for a set period of time.
patent
SOAP web service
a SOAP web service is a web service that implements Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP).
attribute
An attribute is a characteristic of some entity.
buffer role
A buffer role is the role of a chemical substance which maintains a pH at a near constant value.
A terminology is a set of terms used for a specified application.
terminology
page total
A page total is a textual entity that is about the number of pages in some informational entity.
A disposition is the tendency of a capability to be exhibited under certain conditions or in response to a certain stimulus (trigger).
disposition
solubility (to dissolve when put in fluid); fragility (disposition to break when dropped)
race is a characteristic of an individual by heritable phenotypic characteristics, geographic ancestry, physical appearance, ethnicity, and social status.
race
A data series is a data set composed of related values displayed in a statistical graph.
data series
Example: The two series that correspond to "Seasonally adjusted" and "Trend" are composed of the seasonally adjusted value of permits in each month and values from a trend derived from some mathematical tranformation across those values, respectively, in Graph 1 of http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm
A heterogeneous substance is a chemical substance that is composed of more than one different kind of component.
heterogeneous substance
representation
A representation is a entity that in some way represents another entity (or attribute thereof).
A temporal relation in which an entity mainstains identity from one state to another.
immediately transforms into
amino acid residue
An amino acid residue is a submolecule of an amino acid that is part of a larger molecule.
pain
Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage.
reproducing
reproducing is a process characterized by creation of an entity that is similar or exactly the same as the template from which it is derived.
velocity
The rate of change of an object's position and the direction of that change
textual chart
A textual chart is a chart containing text.
is frequency of is a relation between a temporal unit and an object or event
is frequency of
is broad match to
truth value is a quality of information that is claimed/verified to be true or false.
truth value
dysprosium atom
An edited publication is a publication that has been examined and potentially changed by an editor.
edited publication
A document title is a textual entity that summarizes the topic of the document in one sentence.
document title
strong chemical salt
a strong chemical salt is a chemical salt that is composed of strong electrolytes. Strong chemical salts contain Na,K,NH4 or NO3, CIO4, CH3COO.
every language edition of 'war of the worlds' are expressions of the story of 'war of the worlds'
is expression of is a relation between more concrete expression of some conceptualization.
is expression of
Brownian motion is the seemlingly random movement of particles suspended in a fluid.
brownian motion
A web page is a document that is published according to World Wide Web standards.
web page
to characterize
to characterize is the capability to classify the attributes or features of an entity against a reference classification.
statistical graph line
A statistical graph line is a line used in a statistical graph to communicate some trend or feature of the embedded data.
a relation between a product and the information content entity that specifies it.
is specified by
meitnerium atom
A definition is a description that succintly characterizes an entity.
definition
predicted is the quality of an entity that is thought to exist, as evidenced by some rational procedure.
predicted
very good quality
is encoded by
A relation between two objects, in which the first object is produced from the information contained in the second object.
3D extent quantity
A quantity that extends in three dimensions.
nitrogen atom
information maintenance
the regulation or maintenance of information
A sequence alignment is the character-based alignment of sequences using some method.
sequence alignment
an amino acid polymer is an organic polymer composed of two or more amino acid residues.
amino acid polymer
increased duration of process from increased regulation is a process in which the duration of the target process is increased as a result of increased regulation.
increased duration of process from increased regulation
the regulation of the enzymatic activity.
regulation of catalytic capability
A polygonal face is a polygon bounded by a circuit of polygon edges, and includes the flat (plane) region inside the boundary.
polygonal face
berkelium atom
A number is a tensor of rank 0.
number
to gain an electron
to gain an electron is the capability of a chemical entity to receive an electron.
genetic polymorphism is the description of a difference in genetic composition at some location.
genetic polymorphism
study group
A study group is a group of individuals that are subjects in an observational or intervention study.
tantalum atom
is derived from
A transitive temporal relation in which one entity was materially formed from another non-identical entity.
A keyword is a descriptor in which the association of the word with the entity facilitates information retrieval.
keyword
A bar is a rectangle that is located in the plot of a statistical graph in which its length is proportional to the values that it represents.
bar
radium atom
small nuclear RNA (snRNA)
A small nuclear RNA (snRNA) is a small RNA molecule that is located in the nucleus of a cell.
snRNA
model
A model is a representation of some thing.
quadrilateral
A quadrilateral is a polygon with composed of four points and four line segments, in which each point is fully connected to two other points.
completely quantifier
germanium atom
shame
shame is the emotion borne from feeling responsible for the commission of an offense.
A nominal scale of measurement only specifies a limited set of categories.
nomimal scale
global maximal stationary point
A global maximum stationary point is a data point that corresponds to a measurement value is larger than that of all other plotted datapoints.
category axis
The horizontal axis corresponding to months of the year in graph 4 of http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm
A category axis is an axis in which the position along the line is partioned into categories.
to measure
to measure is the capability to obtain information about some entity by examining its attributes in relation to some reference metric.
x negatively regulates y if and only if x is a process and y is either a process or a quality, and the progression of x exerts an reduced effect on the frequency, rate or extent of y
negatively regulates
control role
A control role is the role of an individual that is part of a study, but is not subject to the intervention that is to be tested.
DisGeNET Disease specificity is a measure of disease coverage. It is calculated from the negative base 2 log of the ratio of number of diseases associated to the total number of diseases. The measure is described here: http://www.disgenet.org/web/DisGeNET/menu/dbinfo#specificity
DisGeNET disease specificity
A 1D cartesian point is a point whose position is specified along a single dimension using Cartesian coordinates.
1D cartesian point
A diary is a document which describes day-to-day experiences.
diary
student role
A student role is the role of an individual that is enrolled in courses at an academic institution.
The semanticscience integrated ontology (SIO) provides a simple, integrated ontology (types, relations) for objects, processes and their attributes. This project provides foundational support for the Bio2RDF (http://bio2rdf.org) and SADI (http://sadiframework.org) projects. website: http://semanticscience.org email: sio-ontology@googlegroups.com mailing list: http://groups.google.com/group/sio-ontology
free to use,share,modify. modify with attribution [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/].
Semanticscience Integrated Ontology (SIO)
general class inclusion axioms: 'is part of' some 'physical entity' subClassOf 'is located in' some 'physical entity' role chains: 'has capability' o 'is realized in' -> 'is participant in'
Michel Dumontier
sio
Contributors are those that engage in discussions in the context of SIO (in alphabetical order): sivaram arabandi christopher baker joachim baran jerven bolleman matthew brush alison callahan leonid chepelev kevin cohen melanie courtot geraint duck laura furlong elisa kendall tatsuya kushida luke mccarthy jim mccusker jose miguel cruz-toledo chris mungall robert hoehndorf simon jupp jin-dong kim dana klassen thomas luetteke james malone chris mungall david osumi-sutherland tazro ohta nuria queralt stephen reed alexandre riazanov matthias samwald robert stevens mark wilkinson karin verspoor natalia villanueva-rosales
movement is the process in which an object is spatially displaced.
movement
dna gene
A gene that is located on DNA.
has measurement value is a relation between a quality/realizable and a measurement value.
has measurement value
regulation of capability
regulation of capability is the regulation of the ability of one party by another.
antigen
An antigen is a molecule that can be bound by a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and presented to a T-cell receptor.
specific gravity
Specific gravity is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance; equivalently, it is the ratio of the mass of a substance to the mass of a reference substance for the same given volume.
valid argument
A valid argument is an argument where the truth of the conclusion is a logical consequence of the premises and (consequently) its corresponding conditional is a necessary truth.
likelihood
Likelihood is the hypothetical probability that an event that has already occurred would yield a specific outcome.
A strong submolecular component is a submolecular component that strongly connects submolecular components.
strong submolecular component
to be observed
to be observed is the capability of an object to be perceived.
data collection
data collection is the process of acquiring information.
A community is a sizeable social unit that shares common values.
community
anger is disgust directed toward an equal status individual.
anger
A microarray device is a device that identifies the binding of a target substance to a physically immobile substrate placed in an array or lattice.
microarray device
microarray platform
hole
A hole is a site that is opening into or through something.
lawrencium atom
zygosity is the quality pertaining to the allelic complement of a biological system at a single locus on the DNA.
zygosity
A correlation is a statistical relationship involving dependence between two random variables or datasets.
correlation
A local maximum stationary point is a point that has a higher value in some axis than adjacent points.
local maximum stationary point
to emit
to emit is the capability to release some physical entity (light, pollution, etc).
diagnosis
A diagnosis is the result of a medical investigation to identify a disorder from its signs and symptoms.
biochemical activation
biochemical activation is a molecular interaction that increases the catalytic rate of the target enzyme.
affiliation
An affiliation is a social relation which indicates the partnership between two or more entities.
is identifier for
a relation between an identifier and an entity.
amino acid
An amino acid is an organic molecule composed of a carbon bonded to four different groups: a carboxyl group, an amino group, an R group, and a hydrogen atom. In the case of glycine, the R group is another hydrogen atom.
has provider
is provided by is a relation between an entity and the entity that provides it.
A slideshow is a visual presentation of information contained within a collection of slides.
slideshow
has evidence is a relation between a proposition and something that demonstrates the truth of the assertion.
has evidence
A specialized material entity is a material entity that is defined by having some quality, role or capability.
specialized material entity
to infect
to infect is the capability to administer a disease-causing organism into some object.
address
An address is a position that indicates the physical location of some entity using a social convention.
A centrifugation substance is a substance that is the target or product of centrifugation.
centrifugation substance
last name
A last name (surname) is a name added to a given name and is part of a personal name and is often the family name.
metabolic pathway
A metabolic pathway is a series of biochemical reactions that begins with one or more substrates and ends with one or more products.
A horizontal bar graph is a bar graph in which the rectangular bars are horizontally oriented in space.
horizontal bar graph
Graph 3 in http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm
volume is the quantity of three-dimensional space enclosed by some closed boundary.
volume
chlorine atom
ion
An ion is an atom or molecule in which the total number of electrons is not equal to the total number of protons, giving it a net positive or negative electrical charge.
A homogeneous substance is a substance that is composed of a uniform type of entity.
homogeneous substance
environment
An environment is a geographic region that hosts certain processes or objects.
is directly before is a relation between entities placed on a dimensional axis in which the projection of the position of the first entity is numerically less than the projection of the position of the second entity, and the entities are adjacent to one another.
is directly before
A device is usually a constructed tool.
device
[0,1] is a closed interval that is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1.
closed interval
A closed interval is an interval that includes its endpoints, and is denoted with square brackets.
Precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) is a single strand of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) that is synthesized from a DNA template throught transcription.
pre-mRNA
consonant
A consonant is a verbal entity of language that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the vocal tract.
analyte
an analyte is a substance or chemical constituent of interest in an analytical procedure.
observing is a process of passive interaction in which one entity makes note of attributes of one or more entities.
observation
observing
statute
A statute is a formal written enactment of a legislative authority that governs a state, city or country.
intent
intent is a desire to realize a particular outcome.
A liquid solution component is a part of a liquid solution.
liquid solution component
A visual language entity is a language entity that is manifested within the spectrum of light and can be pereceived and processed by a visual system.
visual language entity
double stranded nucleic acid is a molecular complex composed of two weakly connected nucleic acids.
double stranded nucleic acid
boldness
boldness is the trait of being willing to undertake things that involve risk or danger.
email
Email message is a digital document that is composed of a header and a body and is transmitted using the SMTP protocol.
positionally oriented line
A positionally oriented line is a line that is positioned against some axis of reference.
virus
A virus is a non-cellular organism that can replicate only inside the living cells of an organism.
good quality
hard disk drive
A hard disk drive (HDD) is a non-volatile, random access device for digital data. It features rotating rigid platters on a motor-driven spindle within a protective enclosure. Data is magnetically read and written on the platter by read/write heads that float on a film of air above the platters.
A small cytoplasmic RNA (scRNA) gene is a gene that encodes a small (7S; 129 nucleotides) RNA molecule found in the cytosol and rough endoplasmic reticulum that are normally associated with proteins that are involved in specific selection and transport of other proteins.
small cytoplasmic RNA (scRNA) gene
arsenic atom
iron atom
is attribute of is a relation that associates an attribute with an entity where an attribute is an intrinsic characteristic such as a quality, capability, disposition, function, or is an externally derived attribute determined from some descriptor (e.g. a quantity, position, label/identifier) either directly or indirectly through generalization of entities of the same type.
is attribute of
author list
fitness
fitness is the quality of an object with respect to some stated functions or evolutionary adaptation.
vector space
a vector space is a set of vectors.
A study subject is an individual that is the subject of the study.
study subject
an ordered list is a list in which items are sequentially ordered.
ordered list
regulation of a process is a process that modulates the duration, frequency, spatial extent of a target process.
regulation of process
has target is a relation between a process and an entity, where the entity is present at the beginning of the process and undergoes a change or transformation in the process.
has target
negative
negative is an assertional qualifier that expresses the falsity or lack of truth of a basic assertion.
database key
A database key is an informational entity whose value is constructed from one or more database columns.
a containment quality is a quality of being able to contain another entity.
containment quality
quantity
A quantity is an informational entity that gives the magnitude of a property.
A reason is a justification that specifies the motive for an action or a determination.
reason
A buffer is a dissolved chemical substance that resists change in pH upon addition of small amounts of acid or base.
buffer
carbohydrate residue
A carbohydrate residue is a part of a molecule that was derived from a monosaccharide molecule.
to distort
to distort is the capability to change the appearance of an entity by some transformation.
gene-disease association linked with genomic alterations
a gene-disease association that is linked with some genomic alteration
Frustration is an emotion that arises from the perceived resistance to the fulfillment of individual will.
frustration
therapeutic gene-disease association
gene-disease association arising from a therapeutic role of the gene/protein
A gene disease association in which the gene is a therapeutic marker for the disease.
A term is a word or phrase used to denote one or more entities.
term
evolutionary lineage is a sequence of species, that form a line of descent, each new species the direct result of speciation from an immediate ancestral species.
evolutionary lineage
A contains B iff the spatial region occupied by A has the spatial region occupied by B as a part, and B is not part of A. [T]
contains
opinion
An opinion is a belief that is the result of emotion or interpretation of facts.
A logarithmic value axis is a scaled value axis that corresponds to a scaling factor of the logarithm of the value range.
logarithmic value axis
data transformation is the process of applying an algorithmic procedure to some input data and producing some output data.
data transformation
streamgraph
A streamgraph is a multi-line stacked graph that yields the appearance of continuous y-values across the x-axis.
copernicium atom
answer
An answer is a reply to a question.
active movement is the process in which an object is spatially displaced using some chemical energy.
active movement
is transcribed into
DNA is transcribed into RNA
a relation between two information content entities in which one is transcribed into (an exact or similar kind) another through some process.
default parameter
A default parameter is a parameter which has a default value.
irritability
irritability is the negative emotion of quick excitability to annoyance, impatience, or anger.
exon
An exon is a nucleotide sequence encoded by a gene that remains present within the final mature RNA product of that gene after introns have been removed by RNA splicing.
roentgenium atom
chemical exposure is a process to expose one or more individuals to a chemical substance.
chemical exposure
A language label is a label that denotes the language of a textual entity.
language label
student advisor role
A student advisor role is the role of an individual employed at an academic organization that is involved in advising students.
has disposition
has disposition is the relation between an entity and a disposition that it bears.
A PhD thesis is a thesis prepared as a requirement for a doctoral degree.
phd thesis
An arrowed line is a directed line segment in which one or both endpoints is tangentially part of a triangle that bisects the line.
arrowed line segment
A deoxyribonucleic acid primer is a deoxyribonucleic acid that enables the synthesis of a complement strand of DNA by binding to it and acting as a point of transcription initiation.
deoxyribonucleic acid primer
A plan is a set of intended actions, through which one expects to achieve a goal.
plan
biological sex is the quality of a biological organism based on reproductive function or organs.
biological sex
An organic reaction is a chemical reaction involving at least one organic molecule.
organic reaction
regulation of molecular degradation
A process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of process involved in the destruction of a molecule.
A process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of process involved in the destruction of a molecule as a result of decreased regulation.
increased molecular degradation from decreased regulation
A coordinate is a measurement of position in n-dimensional space.
coordinate
chapter
A chapter is a document section of a book or thesis.
software process identifier
A software process identifier is an identifier for a software process in some operating system.
cartesian coordinate
A Cartesian coordinate is the signed distance of a point to some referent line.
database column
A database collumn is a column in a database table.
heatmap
A heatmap is a graphical representation of data where the individual values contained in a matrix are represented as colors.
A protein complex is a molecular complex composed of at least two polypeptide chains.
protein complex
is generically related with
A is generically related with B iff A is an abstract entity or an information content entity and B is a information content entity or a physical entity, respectively.
to cause disease
to cause disease is the capability to materially change a biological object in that it functions abnormally.
An aromatic bond is an interaction between a set of atoms across which pairs of electrons are shared.
aromatic bond
metadata
metadata is data that provides information about data.
platinum atom
A synthesis reaction is an inorganic reaction in which two or more molecules are chemically bonded together to produce a single product.
synthesis reaction
An allosteric site is a binding site that when bound to particular ligand changes the conformational state and affects its functionality.
allosteric site
to luminesce is to emit light through cold body radiation
to luminesce
A data point is a point that which corresponds to the projection of the values of measurement data against the axes of a statistical graph.
data point
increased chemical destruction is a process in which there is an increase in the amount of chemical destroyed relative to some reference process
increased chemical destruction
to be a member of
to be a member of is the capability to be considered a part of a collection.
A software library is software composed of a collection of software modules and/or software methods in a form that can be statically or dynamically linked to some software application.
software library
normal
A quality that has a value that is normal or average.
control variable
A control variable that is believed to alter the dependent or independent variables, but may not actually be the focus of the experiment. So that variable will be kept constant or monitored to try to minimise its effect on the experiment.
clinical trial
A clinical trial is an intervention trial to determine the safety and efficacy of medical interventions (e.g., drugs, diagnostics, devices, therapy protocols).
A row represents a single, implicitly structured data item in a table.
row
data item
A data item consists of information that has been collected/generated towards some purpose.
A start position is the proximal position of an object relative to an origin in a linear system.
start position
is positionally after is a relation between entities placed on a dimensional axis in which the projection of the position of the first entity is numerically greater than the projection of the position of the second entity.
is positionally after
to modify is the capability to change some entity.
to modify
a coding frame offset is a numeric value that indicates the number of bases from a reference start codon position.
coding frame offset
argon atom
is function of is a relation between a function and an entity that it is a property of.
is function of
dubnium atom
denotes
the symbol '%' denotes a proportion in relation to a whole.
denotes is a relation between an entity and what it is a sign or indication of, or what specifically means.
A process mediated by a protein that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translation.
protein mediated regulation of translation
biological data
biological data is scientific data relevant to biology.
identifier
An identifier is a label that specifically refers to (identifies) an entity (instance/type).
A foreign database key is a database key that refers to a key in some table.
foreign database key
to provide
to provide is the capability to make available some object to another that requires it.
investigation
investigation is the process of carrying out a plan or procedure so as to discover facts or information about the object of study.
caesium atom
A nurse is an individual that is involved in the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations.
nurse
optical isomer
An optical isomer is a stereoisomer that rotates the plane of polarization of a beam of plane polarized light.
inorganic reaction
An inorganic reaction is a chemical reaction that involves the transformation of inorganic molecules.
equation
An equation is a mathematical statement that asserts the equality of two expressions.
weak chemical salt
a weak chemical salt is a chemical salt composed of weak eletrolytes.
genotype
A genotype is a functional specification of a biological entity in terms of its genetic composition (or lack thereof).
A double bond is a covalent bond between a pair of atoms in which two pairs of electrons are shared.
double bond
bohrium atom
titanium atom
non toxic is the quality of a substance having no damaging effect to a system.
non toxic
Molecular modification is chemical alteration of a known and previously characterized lead compound for the purpose of enhancing its usefulness as a drug. This could mean enhancing its specificity for a particular body target site, increasing its potency, improving its rate and extent of absorption, modifying to advantage its time course in the body, reducing its toxicity, changing its physical or chemical properties (like solubility) to provide desired features.
molecular modification
is unit of
is unit of is a relation between a unit and a quantity that it is a multiple of.
neon atom
a rank nonzero tensor is a tensor with a rank greater than zero.
rank nonzero tensor
single displacement reaction
A single displacement reaction where one atom is transferred out of one molecule and into another.
unsupported
unsupported is an existence quality in which there is no evidence to support the existence of the entity in any world (real or hypothetical)
the capability to encode information in a different representation
to encode information
to produce is the capability to create new objects
to produce
An enzyme is a protein or protein complex that realizes its disposition to covalently modify some molecule during a chemical reaction.
enzyme
PDB file
A PDB file is a molecular structure file specified by the Protein DataBank (PDB).
A lipid is a water-insoluable organic molecule.
lipid
A right value axis is a value axis that is spatially positioned to the right of the plot area.
right value axis
a genomic sequence variant is part of a nucleic acid which is compositionally different than another reference genomic part.
genomic sequence variant
variant
A collective is a group of entities that share or are motivated by at least one common issue or interest, or work together on a specific project(s) to achieve a common objective.
collective
hemizygous is the quality of a biological organism in which, based on the ploidy of the organism, there is half the number of alleles than normal at a given locus.
hemizygous
has proper part
has proper part is an antisymmetric, irreflexive (normally transitive) relation between a whole and a distinct part.
a car has an engine as a proper part; a car has a piston as a proper part;
a complex number is an element of a number system that extends the real numbers with an imaginary unit i. Every complex number can be expressed in the form a + bi, where a and b are real numbers.
complex number
InCHI notation
A central tendency measure is a central value or a typical value for a probability distribution.
centrality measure
jealousy is an emotion and typically refers to the negative thoughts and feelings of insecurity, fear, and anxiety over an anticipated loss of something that the person values, particularly in reference to a human connection.
jealousy
hydrogen atom
age is the length of time that a person has lived or a thing has existed.
age
anxiety is an emotion charactersized by intense feeling of fear and concern coupled with a physical response.
anxiety
mendelevium atom
Graph 1 in http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm
A line graph is a statistical graph in which lines contains the evaluation of functions or individual points connected by line segments.
line graph
line chart
a notation to describe a chemical entity
chemical notation
morpheme
A morpheme is the smallest semantically meaningful unit in a language.
is mutual disposition of
a is mutual disposition of b if and only if the realization of the disposition a necessarily causes the realization of the disposition b.
A report is a textual document made that present focused, salient content to a specific audience.
report
molecular complex dissociation
molecular complex disassociation is the process of dissambly of a molecular complex into its constitutent parts.
increased object consumption from increased regulation
increased regulation leads to an increase in the consumption of an object of specified type.
astatine atom
to translocate is the capability to displace oneself from one location to another.
to translocate
to move
Density (volumetric mass density) is the quantity of mass per unit volume of a substance.
density
A difference in number of objects produced is a count of the number of objects produced with respect to a second variable (space, time, etc)
difference in number of objects produced
day
A day is a period of 24 hours.
thulium atom
to be a part of is the capability to be assembled into a larger structure that persists in time.
to be a part of
quote
A quote is a excerpt that is attributed to a particular source.
A catalyst is a molecule that has the capability to reduce the activation energy of a reaction and hence increase the overall rate of reaction.
catalyst
probability measure
A probability measure is quantity of how likely it is that some event will occur.
to change appearance is the capability to change the visual attributes of an object.
to change appearance
A revision number is a version of a software in which bugs have been fixed from a prior version.
revision number
A person is an object that has certain capacities or attributes constituting personhood.
person
seaborgium atom
quality descriptor
An hour is a period of 60 minutes.
hour
An alpha helix is structural region of a protein that is characterized by 3.6 residues per turn, a translation of 1.5 angstroms along the helical axis in which backbone N-H groups form a hydrogen bond to the backbone carboxyl group of the amino acid four residues prior.
alpha helix
software script
A software script is software whose instructions can be executed using a software interpreter.
week
A week is a period of 7 consecutive days.
A three prime untranslated region (3'-UTR) is the section of messenger RNA (mRNA) that immediately follows the translation termination codon.
3' untranslated region
terminal point
A terminal point is a point that defines the finite extension of a line.
beta strand
A beta strand is structural region of a protein that is characterized by a roughly planar sequence of amino acid residues forming hydrogen bonds between the N-O and the C=O of another part of the peptide and having their side chains perpendicular to the planar axis.
An abstract section is a document section that provides brief summary of a document that explains the main argument(s), topic(s) or findings.
abstract section
has unit is a relation between a quantity and the unit it is a multiple of.
has unit
healthy is an organismal state of complete physical, mental and social well-being.
healthy
study design
A study design is a protocol for the proper execution of a study which normally requires a carefullly crafted research question or hypothesis and at least one variable under observation and observed values for that variable.
precedes
A transitive, temporal relation in which one process precedes (has occured earlier than) another process.
to bind to
to bind to is the capability to physically interact with another object through a set of non-covalent interactions.
A pie chart is a circular chart divided into sectors each of whose length is proportional to the quantity it represents.
pie chart
satisfaction qualifier
An exclusion criterion is a criterion that must be absent to satistify the objective.
exclusion criterion
Graph 4,5 in http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm
vertical bar graph
A vertical bar graph is a bar graph in which the rectangular bars are vertically oriented in space.
actinium atom
A process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translation.
regulation of translation
real number
a real number is a complex number whose imaginary part is zero, e.g. a + 0i.
A gene-disease association in which the fusion between two different genes (promotor and/or other coding DNA regions) is associated with the disease.
fusion gene-disease association
media
media are audo/visual/audiovisual modes of communicating information for mass consumption.
has function is the relation between an entity and a function that is ascribed to it.
has function
A gene-variant disease association in which a germline mutation in the gene/protein results in the development or maintenance of the disease, and it may be passed on to offspring.
gene-disease association linked with germline causal mutation
oxygen atom
The process of maintaining some the frequency, rate or extent of another process.
process maintenance
A partial positive charge is a partial charge where the value of the charge is positive.
partial negative charge
conversing a form of interactive, spontaneous communication between two or more agents who are following rules of etiquette.
conversing
is immediately transformed from
apartment number
An apartment number is the number assigned to identify an apartment in a building of apartments.
is property of
is property of is a relation betweena quality, capability or role and the entity that it and it alone bears.
point
A point is a geometric entity that is located in a zero-dimensional spatial region and whose position is defined by its coordinates in some coordinate system.
gene-disease association linked with altered gene expression
A gene-disease association in which the disease phenotype is associated with an altered expression of the gene.
set item
set item is an item in a set.
A free radical addition is a non-polar addition reaction involving free radicals.
free radical addition
A chemical entity is a material entity that pertains to chemistry.
atom, ion, molecule, chemical substance,
chemical entity
gallium atom
is covalently connected to is a relation between an atom and another atom.
is covalently connected to
parental transmission
parental transmition is the quality of a biological organism in which the (genetic) material is transmitted from a parental unit.
expected value
An expected value (or e-value) is the weighted average of all possible values that a random variable can take on.
An image is an affine projection of a visual entity to a two dimensional surface.
image
depiction
A term variant is a term that is a variant of another term.
term variant
mathematical entity
A mathematical entity is an information content entity that are components of a mathematical system or can be defined in mathematical terms.
communication device
A communication device is a device that facilitates the transmission of information through encoded in an audio or digital signal between a sender and a receiver.
organ
An organ is a collection of tissues joined in structural unit to serve a common function.
A proposition is a sentence expressing something true or false.
proposition
solid state hard drive
A solid-state drive (SSD) is a data storage device that uses solid-state memory to store persistent data.
the capability to maintain information such that it can be retrieved in the future.
to maintain information
chemical-protein association
A chemical-protein association is an association between a chemical and a protein.
The role of a chemical entity that reduces the rate of reaction.
inhibitor role
a pharmacokinetic pathway is a metabolic pathway which describes the metabolism of a drug molecule.
pharmacokinetic pathway
is variant of: a relationship indicating that two entities are different (by some measure), but either achieve the same objectives in different ways or are permutations of one another (temporal, logical or otherwise)
is variant of
trend line
A trend line is a line, line segment or ray that is part of a statistical graph which indicates a statistical or visual direction across categorical or value data.
matrix chart
A matrix chart summarizes a multidimensional data set in a grid.
A sample is a limited quantity of something (e.g. an individual or set of individuals from a population, or a portion of a substance) to be used for testing, analysis, inspection, investigation, demonstration, or trial use.
sample
lead atom
maintenance of frequency of process
maintenance of frequency of process is a process that regulates the number of occurences of a target process type to a specified number or interval.
A perimeter is a length of the outline that surrounds a two-dimensional shape.
length of perimeter
duplicates
a collection of duplicates is a collection composed of items that are an exact copy of other items in the collection.
a collection of duplicates
the story 'war of worlds' is expressed as every language edition of the book 'war of the worlds'
has expression
end time
An end time is a time instant pertaining to the time at which a process ends.
A regulatory pathway is a series of biochemical reactions that lead to the increase or decrease of activity of participating molecular components.
regulatory pathway
spatial quantity
A spatial quantity is a quantity obtained from measuring the spatial extent of an entity
physical dimensional quantity
neither good nor poor quality
A supernatent is a liquid substance that remains after centrifugation.
supernatant
A multiple sequence alignment is a sequence alignment involving more than two sequences.
multiple sequence alignment
An author contribution section is a document section that describes the contribution of the authors.
author contribution section
A PDB record identifier is an identifier for a PDB generated record.
PDB record identifier
cellular phone number
a cellular phone number is a number to connect to a mobile device
protein-disease association
A protein-disease association is an association between a protein and a disease.
cofactor role
The role of a chemical entity involved in the mechanism for enzyme-mediated catalysis.
decreased spatial extent of process from decreased regulation
The increase of regulation leads to a decreased spatial extent of the target process.
sequence end position
A sequence end position is the position of the last character in a sequence of characters relative to some linear frame of reference.
regulation of a process duration is a process that modulates the duration of another process relative to some reference process.
regulation of process duration
A sound argument is a valid argument with true premises.
sound argument
A preferred name is the name that is generally used by some organization.
preferred name
open reading frame
An open reading frame (ORF) is a part of a gene that encodes a protein but does not contain a stop codon.
is source of is a relation between a source of information about some entity.
is source of
A copyright section is a document section that contains a notice of copyright.
copyright section
inhibitor
A molecular inhibitor is a molecular regulator that realizes its disposition to conformationally change a target molecule and decrease its functionality.
membrane transport
membrane transport is the movement of molecules across a membrane.
maintenance of quantity of object production is a regulation of object production in which the number of objects produced is held more or less constant.
maintenance of quantity of object production
to actively interact with
to actively interact with is the capability to interact with another entity in a way that requires physical contact.
text quality is the quality of a textual entity.
text quality
block histogram
A block histogram contains an x-axis that is divided into bins which correspond to value ranges. Each item in the data set is drawn as a rectangular block, and the blocks are piled into the bins to show how many values in each range.
A y-axis is a Cartesian coordinate axis that is spatially oriented perpendicular to the x-axis.
y-axis
A directed line segment is a line segment that is contained by an ordered pair of endpoints (a start point and an endpoint).
directed line segment
to breathe is the capability to inhale and exhale air into the body during respiration.
to breathe
A structural isomer is an isomer in which the atoms are joined together in different ways.
structural isomer
sequence variation notation
a temporal qualifier is pertains to the frequency of the event of interest.
temporal qualifier
to gain a covalent bond is the capability of a chemical entity to have bonds added.
to gain a covalent bond
describes
describes is a relation between one entity and another entity that it provides a description (detailed account of).
A specification is a description of the essential technical attributes/requirements for an object or procedure, and may be used to determine that the object / procedure meets its requirements/attributes.
specification
information encoding
A viroid is a molecule of RNA that does not code for and is not protected by a protein coat.
viroid
protein family
a protein family is a collection of proteins that share a common evolutionary origin, reflected by their related function and similarity in composition or structure.
rna mediated regulation of translation
A process mediated by rna that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translation.
ununquadium atom
first name
A first name is a name that denotes a specific individual between members of a group of individuals, whose members usually share the same surname.
A gene expression value is a measured value obtained from a gene expression experiment.
gene expression value
minute
A minute is a period of 60 seconds.
to regulate the rate of formation is to modify the rate at which an object is formed.
to regulate the rate of formation
reviewed
reviewed is the quality of a textual entity that has been examined and commented on by another party.
personal name
A personal name is a name to identify an individual person and usually comprises of a first name and a last name.
protein domain
A protein domain is a part of a protein that maintains its structure and function independently of the rest of the protein.
brief
A brief is a written legal document used in various legal adversarial systems that is presented to a court arguing why one party to a particular case should prevail.
is transitively related to
not implemented in standard distribution
length is the longer dimensional extent along a 2D projection of the object.
length
decreased object production from increased regulation
increased regulation leads to a decrease in the number of target objects of a specified type.
gene regulatory component
A gene regulatory component is a gene component that exerts a regulatory function.
orientation
orientation is an angle between the bearer and an axis, or the angle between the bearer and another object.
A phrase is a group of words functioning as a single unit in the syntax of a sentence.
phrase
tungsten atom
ordinary differential equation
An ordinary differential equation (ODE) is a differential equation in which the unknown function (also known as the dependent variable) is a function of a single independent variable.
biochemical pathway
A biochemical pathway specifies a series of biochemical modifications and transformations towards achieving some biological outcome.
locomotion
The self-propelled movement of an object.
A control group is a group of individuals that are not subject to an intervention of interest, but rather serve as a baseline to compare the outcomes in the intervention group.
control group
latitude
Latitude is a geographic coordinate which refers to the angle from a point on the Earth's surface to the equatorial plane
A predicted gene is a gene that was identified through computational method but has not been experimentally validated.
predicted gene
silicon atom
positively regulates
x positively regulates y if and only if x is a process and y is either a process or a quality, and the progression of x exerts an effect that increases the frequency, rate or extent of y
A collection of documents is a non-zero set of documents.
collection of documents
word tree
A word tree is a chart that links phrases with contexts through a tree-like branching structure.
to be conformationally changed
to be conformationally changed is the capability to be modified in such a way that the object's conformation is changed.
An idea is a proposition about some object of conceptual thought.
idea
full agreement is the result of consensus decision making when members of the group unanimously agree.
full agreement
A version label is a label for a particular form or variation of an earlier or original type.
version label
A slide is an visual representation meant to communicate some information.
slide
anabolism
Anabolism is the set of metabolic processes that construct larger chemical entities units from smaller chemical entities.
destroying
destruction
destroying is a process in which something is broken down and/or ceases to exist.
list
A list is any enumeration of a set of items.
The role of a chemical entity that is modified in a chemical reaction.
substrate role
sorrow is the emotion that is characterized by a long term state of intense sadness, distress and a degree of resignation (not accepting).
sorrow
indium atom
affects
ordinal position
A ordinal position is a number that designates the position of an entity from the first entity in an ordered sequence of entities.
to remove a covalent bond
to remove a covalent bond is the capability to covalently modify a chemical entity by removing a covalent bond.
to disassemble is to physically separate the parts of an object.
to disassemble
A 3D cartesian point is a point whose position is specified along three dimensions using Cartesian coordinates.
3D cartesian point
A worm is a non-arthropod invertebrate animal that typically have a long cylindrical tube-like body and no legs.
worm
protein expression value
A protein expression value is a quantity obtained from a protein expression experiment.
protein
A protein is an organic polymer that is composed of one or more linear polymers of amino acids.
An issue is a single instance of a periodically published journal, magazine, or newspaper.
issue
lust
lust is the strong desire for sex.
An plateau line is a line segment in which the startpoint and endpoint are ordered along one dimension and the difference of values in a second dimension is zero.
plateau line
list item
left value axis
A left value axis is a value axis that is spatially positioned to the left of the plot area.
investigational role
An investigational role is a role held by participants involved in an investigation.
A 2D cartesian point is a point whose position is specified along two dimensions using Cartesian coordinates.
2D cartesian point
contempt
contempt is disgust towards a lower status individual.
moderately quantifier
polypeptide
A polypeptide is an organic polymer composed of amino acid residues, typically of less than 50 amino acids in length.
enantiomer
An enantiomer is a stereoisomer that is a mirror image of its isomer.
increased spatial extent of process from increased regulation
The increase of regulation leads to a increased spatial extent of the target process.
reasoning is the agentive process of using knowledge to evaluate the truth value of a proposition.
reasoning
to heat is a capability to increase the internal kinetic energy of a material.
to heat
rigid is the quality of maintaining structural integrity (and not bending) under pressure.
rigid
record identifier
A record identifier is an identifier for a database entry.
A second messenger is a molecule that relay signals from receptors on the cell surface to target molecules inside the cell, in the cytoplasm or nucleus.
second messenger
A Venn diagram is a chart that illustrates all possible logical relations between a finite collection of sets as overlapping circles.
venn diagram
aluminium atom
cation pi interaction
A cation pi interaction is an ionic interaction between the localized negative charge of π orbital electrons, located above and below the plane of an aromatic ring, and a positive charge.
disordered is a structural quality in which the parts of an object are non-rigid.
disordered
a SADI semantic web service is a semantic web service that follows the SADI specification
SADI semantic web service
A host is an organism that harbors a parasite, or a mutual or commensal symbiont, typically providing nourishment and shelter.
host
An undergraduate student advisor role is the role of an individual employed at an academic organization that is involved in advising undergraduate students.
undergraduate student advisor role
is about is a relation between an information content entity and the entity that its primary subject.
is about
A is referred to by B iff B is an informational entity that makes reference to A.
is referred to by
A co-enzyme role of a chemical entity that is transiently associated, and is regenerated in a separate reaction.
co-substrate role
A book is a publication composed of a large number of entries.
book
has realizable property
plutonium atom
ununseptium atom
uranium atom
is xenologous to
a relation between two entities which indicates their common ancestry but due to horizontal gene transfer.
An epimer is a stereoisomer that differs in configuration at only one stereogenic center.
epimer
A non-transitive temporal relation in which one entity is immediately derived from a non-identical entity such that there are no intermediate entities between them.
is immediately derived from
diagnostic opinion
A diagnostic opinion is an opinion resulting from a medical diagnostic procedure.
bismuth atom
horizontal line
A horizontal line is a line that is positionally oriented with the horizon.
copper atom
chart
A chart is a figure that displays the relationship among tabular numeric data, functions or some kinds of qualitative structures.
A process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of process involved in the production of a molecule as a result of decreased regulation.
increased molecular production from decreased regulation
to combine
to combine is the capability to modify a set of objects in a way that the object is merged with another object to form a new object or substance.
trans-regulatory element
A trans-regulatory element is a DNA sequence associated with the regulation of a gene located outside the genomic region supporting the corresponding structural DNA region of the trans-regulatory element (i.e., a different DNA strand or different chromosome).
The aspect ratio of a geometric shape is the ratio of its sizes in different dimensions.
aspect ratio
is manifestation of
microarray experiment
A microarray experiment is an experiment that involves a microarray device to measure the expression of one or more genes.
fermium atom
language entity
A language entity implements some language specification for the visual interpretation and is part of some document.
A statement is a proposition that is either (a) a meaningful declarative sentence that is either true or false, or (b) that which a true or false declarative sentence asserts.
statement
A poison role is the role of a substance that causes some negative disturbance in an organism.
poison role
to be covalently modified
to be covalently modified is the capability of a chemical entity to have bonds added or removed
to conformationally activate is to modify the conformation of an entity in such a way that it becomes activated or functional.
to conformationally activate
excerpt
An excerpt is a contiguous or discontiguous portion of a document.
bioinformatic data
bioinformatic data is data genereated or used for computer-based investigations of biological phenomena.
A chemical synthesis pathway is a pathway involved in the assembly of a chemical.
chemical synthesis pathway
iridium atom
A territory is a non-sovereign geographic region.
territory
to freeze
to freeze is the capability to decrease the internal kinetic energy of a material such that it changes state from a gas or liquid to a solid.
altitude
Altitude is a distance above sea level.
A diffusion equation describes density fluctuations in a material undergoing diffusion.
diffusion equation
collection ovopub
A collection ovopub is an ovopub that contains and links to one or more assertion subgraphs and/or ovopubs, as well as statements describing its provenance. It is used to share a specific set of items or restrict a search to the resources contained therein.
A minor version number is a version of a software that exhibits minor features or significant fix from a prior version.
minor version number
sample quality is the quality of an object that is drawn from a larger population.
sample quality
conjunction (and)
AND is a logical operator that has the value true if both of its operands are true, otherwise a value of false.
is measurement value of is a relation between a value and the entity that it is a measurement of.
is measurement value of
t-statistic based increased differential gene expression
A t-statistic based increased differential gene expression is a differential gene expression ratio in which the t-statistic is greater than zero.
infinite line
An infinite line is a line that extends outwards in both directions of a single dimensional and is not bounded by terminal points.
A medical diagnosis (often simply termed diagnosis) refers to the process of attempting to determine or identify a possible disease or disorder.
medical diagnosis
book section
height is the one dimensional extent along the vertical projection of a 3D object from a base plane of reference.
height
validated gene
An experimentally validated gene is a gene whose existence has been demonstrated through experimental methods.
A polar solvent is a solvent that exhibits a polar quality.
polar solvent
molecular structure
molecular structure is the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule and the chemical bonds that hold the atoms together.
A disulfide bond is a bond between two sulfur atoms.
disulfide bond
A column is a vertical sequence of cells in a cellular automata.
column
A partial negative charge is a negative charge where the value of the charge is negative.
partial positive charge
a home phone number is the number to connect to an phone at a place of residence.
home phone number
to retrieve
the capability to retrieve a (digitial/physical/mental) object from a location.
to examine is the capability to make detailed observation.
to examine
A maximal value is largest value of an attribute for the entities in the defined set.
maximal value
ribonucleic acid
A ribonucleic acid is an organic polymer composed of a sequence of ribonucleotide residues.
An active ingredient is a molecular entity that exhibits biological activity.
active ingredient
The increase of regulation leads to a increased occurence of processes of the target type.
increased frequency of process from increased regulation
disease
disease is the outward manifestation of one or more disorders.
A sequence is an ordered list of entities. Like a set, it contains members (also called elements, or terms).
For example, (M, A, R, Y) is a sequence of letters that differs from (A, R, M, Y), as the ordering matters, and (1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8), which contains the number 1 at two different positions, is a valid sequence.
sequence
genome
A genome is a collection of nucleic acids.
specimen
A specimen is a portion of material for use in testing, examination, or study.
is orthologous to is a relation between two biological entities that share a common ancestor and occur in different species.
is orthologous to
rutherfordium atom
book series
A book series is a collection of books that have been sequentially published.
invalid argument
An invalid argument is an argument where the truth of the conclusion is false because it is not a logical consequence of the premises.
A small cytoplasmic RNA (scRNA) molecule is a small (7S; 129 nucleotides) RNA molecule found in the cytosol and rough endoplasmic reticulum that are normally associated with proteins that are involved in specific selection and transport of other proteins.
scRNA
small cytoplasmic RNA (scRNA)
editor reviewed
editor reviewed is the quality of a textual entity that has been examined and commented on by an editor.
prognosis
A prognosis is a proposition about the likely course of a disease, the chance of recovery or recurrence.
journal
A journal is a a peer-reviewed periodical in which scholarship relating to a particular academic discipline is published.
gene-disease association linked with genetic variation
A gene-disease association in which a sequence variation (a mutation, a SNP) is associated with the disease.
A median is the numerical value separating the higher half of a sample, a population, or a probability distribution, from the lower half.
median
Loneliness is an unpleasant emotion in which a person feels a strong sense of emptiness, yearning distress and solitude resulting from inadequate quantity or quality of social relationships.
loneliness
cancelled
cancelled is a process status in which the process, while planned to occur, will not occur.
normality
normality is the quality in which the value may differ from normal or average
A relation between two objects, in which the first object contains information that is used to produce the second object.
an open reading frame encodes a protein (it contains information that specifies the amino acid composition and topology)
encodes
A figure is a graphical entity which consists of a visual (n-dimentional) arrangement of information entities.
figure
diagram
is agent in is a relation between an entity and a process, where the entity is present throughout the process, no permanent material change occurs, and is a causal participant in the process.
is agent in
hexokinase is an agent in the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate
A base is a molecular entity dissolved in a solvent that is capable of accepting a proton (Bronsted base) or forming a covalent bond with a hydron (Lewis base) .
base
A technical report is a publication published by a school or other institution, usually numbered within a series.
technical report
genetic data is data pertaining to genetics.
genetic data
nucleic acid
A nucleic acid is an organic polymer composed of a sequence of nucleotide residues.
A radar is an object-detection system which uses radio waves to determine the range, altitude, direction, or speed of objects.
radar
is transcribed from
wonder
wonder is an emotion of perceiving something very rare or unexpected, but not threatening.
A quantity that extends in single dimension.
1D extent quantity
gene-disease association linked with susceptibility mutation
A gene-disease association in which a germline mutation in the gene predisposes to the development of the disease, and it is necessary but not sufficient for the manifestation of the disease.
a replicate role is a comparative role that holds when one item is a reproduction, facsimile, or a copy of another.
replicate role
none quantifier
glassy carbon
glassy carbon is an allotrope of carbon which is widely used as an electrode material in electrochemistry, as well as for high temperature crucibles and as a component of some prosthetic devices.
fluorine atom
to identify is the capability to determine the identity of something.
to identify
The center of mass (aka barycenter) is the weighted average location of all the mass in a body or group of bodies.
center of mass
A test role is the role of an individual that is a participant in the study and is the target of the intervention.
test role
A novel is a fictitious prose narrative of book length, typically representing character and action with some degree of realism.
novel
love is an emotion of a strong affection and personal attachment.
love
virtual
virtual is the quality of an entity that exists only in a virtual setting such as a simulation or game environment.
substrate
A substrate is a molecule that is consumed in the course of a biochemical reaction.
tensor
a tensor is a n-dimensional array.
status descriptor
status descriptor is a descriptor for the state of a process or object.
object quality
An object quality is quality of an object.
suspended is the status of a process that is no longer progressing towards completion.
suspended
middle initial
a middle initial is an abbreviated middle name.
a is mutually related to b if and only if the realization of the relation of a necessarily causes the realization of a relation to b.
is mutually related to
A complete charge is a charge where the value of the charge is a multiple of 1.
complete charge
boron atom
is modelled by
software application
A software application is software that can be directly executed by some processing unit.
americium atom
epimer association
x is associated with y when x and y are logically or statistically related to one another.
is associated with
polyhedral skeleton
A polyhedral skeleton is a collection of polygon edges.
An active site is a molecular site in which a chemical event occurs (structural transformation or conformational change).
active site
A dentist role is the role of an individual that that specializes in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases and conditions of the oral cavity.
dentist role
A quantity that extends in two dimensions.
2D extent quantity
gene-disease association
A gene-disease association is an association between a gene and a disease.
A secretary role is the role of an individual that performs administrative tasks to support one or more individuals of the same organization.
secretary role
An organization is a collective with a complex articulation of tasks, roles and responsibilities.
organization
a immediately derives into b if and only if a or some significant part thereof is consumed in the formation of b and there are no identifiable intermediate entities between a and b.
immediately derives into
to change energetically
to change energetically is the capability to change the energetic aspects of an object.
A is location of B iff the spatialtemporal region occupied by A has the spatialtemporal region occupied by B as a part. [T][R]
is location of
single arrowed line segment
A single arrowed line is directed line in which the endpoint is tangentially part of a triangle that bisects the line.
A legal document is a formally executed written document that can be formally attributed to its author, records and formally expresses a legally enforceable act, process, or contractual duty, obligation, or right, and therefore evidences that act, process, or agreement.
legal document
functional rna coding gene
A gene that codes for a functional RNA molecule.
chemical complex
A chemical complex is a chemical substance composed of weakly connected molecules and ions in a known stoichiometry.
redox reaction
A redox reaction is a chemical reaction in which there is a net movement of electrons from one reactant to another.
decreased object consumption from increased regulation
increased regulation leads to an decrease in the consumption of an object of specified type.
A medical role is the role of an individual that is a participant in the delivery of medical care.
medical role
A primary structure descriptor describes a biomolecular object in terms of a 1D or 2D topology.
primary structure descriptor
A comment is a verbal or written remark often related to an added piece of information, or an observation or statement.
comment
potassium atom
A pairwise sequence alignment is the alignment of exactly 2 sequences.
pairwise sequence alignment
is surrounded by
A 'is surrounded by' B iff the A 'is contained by' B and A 'is adjacent to' B or A 'is directly connected to' B.
disagreement
agreement is the result of consensus decision making when members of the group do not all agree.
yttrium atom
tellurium atom
to modulate
to regulate is to control or maintain the rate or speed of an object or process.
to regulate
geographic image
A geographic image is a photograph of some geographical area.
number of objects produced
number of objects produced is a count of objects that were produced in some process.
polar quality
The quality of being polar or not polar.
awe is an emotion produced by that which is grand, sublime or powerful and is characterized by a combination of joy, fear and admiration/reverence/respect.
awe
An ionic interaction is a weak submolecular interaction between a charged submolecules.
ionic interaction
false
false is a truth value in that indicates that it is not true.
evaluation role
An evaluation role is a processual role held by an entity during some evaluation.
A table is a figure that consists of an ordered arrangement of columns and rows.
table
rhenium atom
PDB chain identifier
A PDB chain identifier is a alphabetical label to identify a molecule in a structure provided by the Protein DataBank .
referencing cell
A referenceing cell is a cell of a cellular automata that refers to another cell.
vocabulary
A vocabulary is a collection of terms.
The position of the first character in a word as an offset from the first character of the text in which it is found.
word start position
a circularly helical quality is the quality of a helix that is connected in a circle or loop.
circularly helical
observational study draws inferences about the possible effect of a treatment on subjects, where the assignment of subjects into a treated group versus a control group is outside the control of the investigator
observational study
chemical quality is the quality of a chemical entity.
chemical quality
A chemical descriptor is a data item that identifies or describes some chemical entity and which conforms to some specification, either for how it is calculated or for how it is measured.
chemical descriptor
a is mutual capability of b if and only if the realization of capability a necessarily causes the realization of capability b.
is mutual capability of
very poor quality
has role is a relation between an entity and a role that it bears.
has role
differential gene expression ratio
A differential gene expression ratio is the ratio of gene expression values from a test sample compared to a control sample.
has ordered part of is a proper part relation in which the part is one of a set of linearly ordered parts resulting from the projection of the whole on a linear coordinate system.
has ordered part
multicellular organism
A multi-cellular organism is an organism that consists of more than one cell.
A page range denotes the start and end page in some document.
page range
to lose an electron is the capability of a chemical entity to lose an electron.
to lose an electron
argument
An argument is a set of one or more declarative sentences (or propositions) known as the premises along with another declarative sentence (or proposition) known as the conclusion.
protactinium atom
major tick mark
A major tick mark is a tick mark that indicates the position of a specific numeric value and is adjacent to its value label on the value axis, or is one of a pair of tick marks that delineates the boundary of a categorical value indicated by an adjacent category label on the categorical axis.
The airspace above Ottawa airport; the band around the northern hemisphere between 50 degrees N and 60 degrees N; the spatial region occupied by a bottle.
A spatial region is an object contained in some region of space.
spatial region
helicity
helicity is the quality of being helical
birthing is the process by which a biological organism is brought into existence.
birthing
biosynthesis is the synthesis of an organic compound in a living organism, usually aided by enzymes.
biosynthesis
sampling is the act of obtaining a sample, whether through selection, collection or preparation.
sampling
carbon nanofoam is an allotrope of carbon that consists of a low-density cluster-assembly of carbon atoms strung together in a loose three-dimensional web. Each cluster is about 6 nanometers wide and consists of about 4000 carbon atoms linked in graphite-like sheets that are given negative curvature by the inclusion of heptagons among the regular hexagonal pattern.
carbon nanofoam
an oligopeptide is an organic polymer composed of fewer than 10 or 15 amino acids.
oligopeptide
neptunium atom
decreased molecular degradation from increased regulation
A process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of process involved in the destruction of a molecule as a result of increased regulation.
to compare is the capability to examine in order to note the similarities or differences among a set of objects.
to compare
grief
grief is an emotion in response to loss, whether physical or abstract including death, unemployment, ill health or the end of a relationship.
street name
A street name is the token given to identify a particular street.
An ontology document is a document that contains an ontology.
ontology document
crystal structure
A crystal structure is the arrangement of atoms or molecules in a crystalline liquid or solid.
A department chain role is the role of an individual that heads a department at a academic organization.
department chair role
completed
completed is that status of a process that successfully unfolds.
disjunction (or)
OR is a logical operator that results in true whenever one or more of its operands are true.
to cleave is to split or sever an object along a natural line or grain.
to cleave
triple bond
A triple bond is a covalent bond between a pair of atoms in which three pairs of electrons are shared.
A ratio is a relationship between two numbers of the same kind expressed arithmetically as a dimensionless quotient of the two which explicitly indicates how many times the first number contains the second.
ratio
category
A category is a class of entities having particular shared characteristics.
ontology
an ontology is a formal specification of entities, their attributes and relationships.
A rat is a medium-sized, long-tailed rodent of the superfamily Muroidea.
rat
A workflow is an algorithm that is is a depiction of a sequence of operations to achieve one or more objectives.
workflow
population
A population is all the organisms that both belong to the same group or species and live in the same geographical area.
shyness
shyness is an emotion of apprehension, lack of comfort, or awkwardness experienced when in proximity to, approaching, or being approached by other individuals, especially in new situations or with unfamiliar individuals.
to excite is the capability to supply energy to a materila by bombarding it with energetic particles (e.g., photons).
to excite
A month is a period of time that divides the year.
month
A state is a set of governing and supportive institutions that have sovereignty over a definite territory and population.
state
An atom is composed of a core of protons and/or neutrons which may be surrounded by a cloud of electrons.
atom
is annotation of
is annotation of is a relation between some textual entity and the entity that it annotates.
europium atom
to be cleaved is the capability to be modified in a way that splits one part of the object from the other.
to be cleaved
legal name
A legal name is a name given at birth, or which appears on their birth certificate, marriage certificate, or change of name certificate.
phenotype
A phenotype is an observable characteristic of an individual.
to positively charge is the capability to remove an electron or add a positively charged ion to a chemical entity.
to positively charge
inactive ingredient
Aninactive ingredient is a molecular entity that does not exhibit biological activity.
ruthenium atom
A unicellular organism is a organism that is composed of a single cell.
unicellular organism
shape is the quality of a bearer that relates to its spatial extent.
shape
A percentage is a number that is a ratio expressed as a fraction of 100. It is denoted using the percent sign "%".
percentage
is affected by
independent variable
An independent variable is a variable that may take on different values independent of other elements in a system.
institute
institute is a society or organization having a object or common factor, and is normally applied to those with a scientific, educational, or social objective.
A overlaps with B iff there is some C that is part of both A and B. [S][R]
overlaps with
decimal scale
A decimal scale of measurement is one that only specifies decimal values.
regulation of a participant quantity is the regulation of a process in which the quantity of a selected participant is maintained at a steady level.
maintenance of level of object consumption
An ethnic group is a group of people whose members identify with each other through a common heritage, consisting of a common culture, including a shared language or dialect.
ethnic group
a unigene cluster is a collection of transcripts (ESTs and mRNAs) that map to a particular genomic region.
unigene cluster
cluster of transcripts
REST web service
a REST web service is a web service that provides functionality according to the Representational State Transfer (REST) specification.
A strain is a genetic variant or kind of microorganism.
strain
A software interpreter is a software application that executes some specified input software.
software interpreter
A deletion variant role is the role of an sequence that lacks a sub-sequence relative to the frame of reference.
deletion variant role
A partial differential equation (PDE) is a differential equation in which the unknown function is a function of multiple independent variables and the equation involves its partial derivatives.
partial differential equation
A movement equation describes the displacement of an object in space over time.
movement equation
A coenzyme role of a chemical entity that is covalently bonded to the enzyme.
prosthetic group role
syllable
A syllable is a verbal entity of language having one vowel sound, with or without surrounding consonants, forming the whole or a part of a word.
subcellular entity
disease-disease association
A disease-disease association is an association between two diseases.
paternally transmitted
paternally transmitted is the quality of a biological organism in which the (genetic) material is transmitted from the paternal line.
lanthanum atom
cis regulatory element
A cisregulatory element is a DNA sequence located on the same DNA strand or chromosome as the gene whose expression it affects.
geolegal region
A geolegal region is a geographic region which has causal powers confered by a legal entity.
The 50 kph zones in Ottawa; the geographic region occupied by France.
A recipe is a set of instructions that describe how to prepare or make something.
recipe
satisfied qualifier
to serve as a template for RNA synthesis is the capability of a chemical entity to provide the necessary information or scaffold by which an RNA molecule may be produced.
to serve as a template for RNA synthesis
The role of a chemical participant that serves to increase the rate of reaction by lowering the activiation energy.
catalytic role
An inductive argument is an argument that asserts that the truth of the conclusion is supported by the premises.
inductive argument
to be combined
to be combined is the capability to be modified in a way that the object is merged with another object to form a new object or substance.
mass spectrometry experiment
A mass spectrometry experiment is an experiment that involves the use of a mass spectrometer.
manganese atom
spherical coordinate system
A spherical coordinate system is a coordinate system for three-dimensional space where the position of a point is specified by three numbers: the radial distance of that point from a fixed origin, its polar angle measured from a fixed zenith direction, and the azimuth angle of its orthogonal projection on a reference plane that passes through the origin and is orthogonal to the zenith, measured from a fixed reference direction on that plane.
A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon.
hypothesis
is realizable property of
liquid solution
A liquid solution is a heterogeneous substance in a liquid state.
to add a covalent bond is the capability to covalently modify a chemical entity by adding a covalent bond.
to add a covalent bond
processual role
A processual role is a role that can only be realized in a process.
is translated from
has input
has input is a relation between a process and an entity, where the entity is present at the beginning of the process.
A sequence variant role is a comparative role in which the composition of characters in a sequence differs when compared to another entity of similar type.
sequence variant role
polar addition reaction
A polar addition reaction is an addition reaction involving polar residues.
terbium atom
A local minimum stationary point is a point that has a lower value in some axis than adjacent points.
local minimum stationary point
A township is a rural or sub-urban settlement.
township
A curve is a geometric entity that may be located in n-dimensional spatial region whose extension may be n-dimensional, is composed of at least two fully connected points and does not intersect itself.
curve
palladium atom
to describe
to describe is the capabilty to communicate facts about an entity.
An aromatic ring is a ring in which the electrons are delocalized across all atoms in the ring.
aromatic ring
is disputing evidence for
A network diagram consists of a set of vertices connected by edges.
network diagram
A page number is the count of a page in a sequence of pages.
page number
a right closed interval is an interval in which there is a real number that is larger than all of its elements.
right closed interval
3' splice site
The 3' splice site is the terminal region of an exon that is 3' to the intron that is to be excised.
shock is an emotion of sudden upset or surprise.
shock
An emotion is a process (experience) that arises internally or from an involuntary physiological response to a stimulus.
emotion
to interact and to be interacted with
to interact and to be interacted with is a mutual disposition of interacting objects.
aborted is a process status in which a started process will not complete as intended.
aborted
The quality of not having a charge.
uncharged
pH is a measure of the activity of the (solvated) hydrogen ion.
pH is defined as the decimal logarithm of the reciprocal of the hydrogen ion activity, aH+, in a solution.
email address
an email address is an identifier to send mail to particular electronic mailbox.
thallium atom
toxicity is the quality of a chemical substance to cause injury to an organism in a dose dependent manner.
toxicity
stationary point
A stationary point is a point that is part of a curve in which the derivative at that point is zero, and hence its value is at least a local maximum or minimum.
organic molecule
An organic molecule is a molecule composed of organic atoms (at least carbon, hydrogen, and optionally oxygen, phosphorus, nitrogen, sulfur)
is evidence for
strong is a qualitative intensity value that is more intense than moderate, but less intense than severe.
strong
secondary active transport or co-transport uses electrochemical potential difference created by pumping ions out of the cell to transport molecules across a membrane.
secondary active transport
A thesis document is the written research component of a post-secondary institution that contains a statement supported by arguments.
thesis document
organism
A biological organisn is a biological entity that consists of one or more cells and is capable of genomic replication (independently or not).
A booklet is a document that lacks a named publisher or sponsoring institution.
booklet
immediately precedes
A non-transitive temporal relation in which one process immediately precedes another process, such that there is no interval of time between the two processes.
comparative role
A comparative role is an abstract role which holds by comparing some attribute of another object of reference.
database table
A database table is a set of named columns with zero or more rows composed of cells that contain column values and is part of a database.
to covalently modify
to covalently modify is to materially change a molecule by adding or removing covalent bonds between atoms.
A haplotype is one of a set of genomic sequence variants.
haplotype
double arrowed line segment
A double arrowed line is an arrowed line in which both terminal points are tangentially part of different triangles that bisect the line.
misery is a feeling of great unhappiness, suffering and/or pain.
misery